Nonspecific ST-segment and T-wave (ST-T) changes represent one of the most prevalent electrocardiographic abnormalities in hypertensive patients. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the association between nonspecific ST-T changes and unsatisfactory blood pressure (BP) control in adults with hypertension.The study population comprised 15,038 hypertensive patients, who were selected from 20,702 participants in the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. The subjects were examined with electrocardiogram test at the initial visit in order to monitor baseline heart activity. According to the results of the electrocardiogram (defined by Minnesota coding), the subjects were divided into 2 groups: ST-T abnormal and ST-T normal. Unsatisfactory BP control was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg following antihypertensive treatment during the 4.5-year follow-up period. Multivariate analysis was used to analyze the association between nonspecific ST-T abnormalities and unsatisfactory BP control.Nonspecific ST-T changes were common in hypertensive adults (approximately 8.5% in the study), and more prevalent in women (10.3%) and diabetic patients (13.9%). The unsatisfactory BP control rate was high in the total population (47.0%), notably in the ST-T abnormal group (55.5%). The nonspecific ST-T abnormal group exhibited a significantly greater rate of unsatisfactory BP control (odds ratio [OR] 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.06, 1.36], P = 0.005]), independent of traditional risk factors, as demonstrated by multivariate regression analysis. Notable differences were further observed in male subjects (OR 1.51, 95% CI [1.17, 1.94], P = 0.002) and in patients with comorbid diabetes (OR 1.47, 95% CI [1.04, 2.07], P = 0.029).Greater rates of unsatisfactory BP control in hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic nonspecific ST-T abnormalities were observed, notably in the subcategories of the male subjects and the diabetic patients.

Objectives. Searching the literature for coronary angiography (CAG) or intervention through distal radial access (DRA) and performing a meta-analysis. Background. Coronary angiography (CAG) or intervention through distal radial access (DRA) may have a similar success rate, low radial artery occlusion rate, low radial artery spasm rate, and low rate of puncture site hematoma for patients with coronary heart disease. Therefore, the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched, and the data were pooled for meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DRA. Methods. RCTs comparing the CAG or intervention through DRA vs. transradial access (TRA) published between January 1, 2017, and May 4, 2021, were searched in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. The endpoints included the rate of access success and the number of radial artery occlusions, radial artery spasms, and puncture site hematomas. The data were extracted, and a random-effects model was used for analysis. Results. Among 204 studies, 6 RCTs (with 2825 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Compared to TRA, the access success rate in DRA ( p = 0.1 ) and the lower rate of puncture site hematoma were not significantly different ( p = 0.646 ), while the radial artery occlusion rate ( p < 0.001 ) and radial artery spasm rate ( p = 0.029 ) were significantly lower. Conclusion. In summary, DRA has a similar access success rate and incidence of hematoma at the puncture site, but a lower incidence of RAO and spasm compared to TRA. These findings demonstrated that DRA is a safe and effective access for CAG or intervention.

As the incidence of coronary heart disease increases annually, coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention procedures are also increasing. The femoral artery and radial artery paths are commonly used for percutaneous coronary intervention, but their clinical application is limited to a certain extent due to many postoperative complications. The distal transradial access path is a new surgical path for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. In this study, we reviewed the most relevant and recent articles related to distal transradial access and found that coronary angiography or interventional therapy using the distal transradial access path is safe and effective in patients with acute coronary syndrome and complex coronary artery disease. The distal transradial access path is expected to be the first choice for coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome and complex coronary artery disease.

Objective: The distal transradial access (dTRA) is a new access for Coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous Coronary intervention (PCI). The distal radial artery diameter is smaller than the radial artery diameter. At present, there are very few studies about the diameter of the distal radial artery. Methods: This is a cross-sectional single-center study. A total of 106 hospitalized patients were included. The distal radial artery diameters of the left hand of all patients were measured. Clinical and ultrasound data were collected. Results: The mean of the distal radial artery diameter of all patients was 2.0586 ± 0.33 mm. According to the mean, the patients were divided into two groups——diameter ≥ 2.0586 mm group and diameter < 2.0586 mm group. By comparing the two groups, the related factors and independent predictors of the distal radial artery diameter ≥ 2.0586 mm were obtained. Male gender, height ≥ 160 cm, weight ≥ 63 kg, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2, and body surface area (BSA) ≥ 1.6573 m2 were related factors. Male gender and BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 were independent predictors. Conclusions: Male gender and BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 patients may have a larger distal radial artery diameter.