La actividad forestal, en particular la referida a los bosques implantados, manifiesta en estos últimos años interesantes y continuos incrementos en productividad, tanto a nivel silvícola como industrial (Fernández 1997). En este sentido en el nordeste argentino, particularmente en el norte de la provincia de Corrientes, se están incorporando a esta actividad tierras tradicionalmente dedicadas * Trabajo presentado en X Silvotecna. IUFRO Conference. Site Productivity Improvement.

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Forest tree breeding activities in plantations with exotic species implies several instances of material selection where genetic variation can be affected. The objective of the work was to verify the genetic variability present in two plantations of Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis by microsatellite markers, initially designed for Pinus taeda fluorescent-labeled. Thus, 299 individuals were analyzed using eight polymorphic microsatellite markers. The results indicate that both plantations have adequate levels of genetic diversity that are representative of the Pinus genus. Through the Bayesian method, it was possible to detect two different population genetic structures (K = 2) between both plantations analyzed. In conclusion, this study suggests that microsatellites markers are useful tools to monitor genetic variation in genetic breeding programs. The genetic diversity estimated in both plantations is similar and typical for Pinus plantations, and as expected, there was a slight decrease in genetic variability in the commercial plantation in comparation with the base plantation.