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Baicalein, an active ingredient separated from Astragalus membranaceus, has shown its anticancer ability in various cancers. However, its effect on nasopharyngeal carcinoma has not been explored yet. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of baicalein on the growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, as well as transplanted nude mouse xenograft. The results showed that baicalein inhibited the growth and proliferation of CNE1 and CNE2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. It also caused a significant increase in the number of cells in the G0/G1 phase and a decrease in the G2/M phase, thereby reducing the number of cells entering mitosis and inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells. Baicalein also significantly induced apoptosis of CNE1 and CNE2 cells. Western blots showed that baicalein decreased the expression of Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 and increased the expression of Bax, Bad, and caspase 3, 8, and 9. In CNE1- and CNE2-transplanted tumors of mice, baicalein significantly inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, baicalein could inhibit the growth and proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, change their cell cycle, and induce apoptosis. Baicalein also effectively limits both CNE1- and CNE2-transplanted tumors in nude mice. Downregulation of Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 proteins and upregulation of Bax and Bad may be involved in the mechanism.

Both, vocal training and vocal microsurgery could improve the voice quality of patients with early vocal fold polyp, and these methods present different advantages.

Several case-control studies indicated that XRCC3 genetic polymorphism (C722T) was associated with larynx cancer. The present study aimed to further evaluate the relation between the XRCC3 gene C722T polymorphism and larynx cancer. We selected five case-control studies related to XRCC3 gene C722T polymorphism and larynx cancer by searching PubMed, EMBase, Chinese CNKI, and Wanfang database. RevMan 5.0 software was used to perform the analysis. We directly utilized Q test and I (2) test to test the heterogeneity between each study. We utilized the fixed effects model to merge the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval. There were 1,507 larynx cancer patients and 3,623 cancer-free control subjects included in the present study. By meta-analysis, we did not find any association of XRCC3 gene C722T polymorphism with larynx cancer [OR=1.54, 95 % CI (0.77-3.08); P=0.22]. The present study indicated that XRCC3 gene C722T polymorphism was not associated with larynx cancer.