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In order to improve the life cycle of wireless sensor networks, An opportunistic routing protocol (GEBOR) based on geographic location and energy balance is proposed.The routing protocol comprehensively considers the transmission radius, link quality and residual energy threshold, and transmission energy efficiency (energy consumption/remaining energy), defines the new route metric.The node with the smallest route metric is selected as the next hop node.Finally, simulations are performed by OMNET++.The simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol can balance the energy consumption of nodes, prolong the lifetime of the nodes and the network, and improve the throughput of the system.