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Various types of batteries are widely used in daily life, and a large number of waste batteries will eventually be produced. Waste batteries will cause serious environmental pollution. At present, the main treatment methods of waste batteries are incineration and landfill, solidification treatment, manual sorting, wet recovery technology, dry recovery technology and bio-metallurgical technology. In this paper, several disposal methods of waste batteries in recent years are illustrated.

We demonstrate the concentration-quenching-free properties of the 406 nm emission in NaPrF4 nanoscintillators, which result from the large energy gap between the 1S0 and 1I6 states (ΔE = ∼25 000 cm−1) of Pr3+ ions.

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