Objectives: To determine mean platelet distribution width in patients with pre-eclampsia. Study design: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, retrospectively from 01 May 2017 to 01 November 2017 by non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Materials & Methods: A total of 150 pregnant females with mild and severe pre-eclampsia with gestational age > 20 weeks, and an age limit of 18-40 years were included in the study. Patients having deranged coagulation or multiorgan involvement were excluded. Blood and urine samples were collected at the time of presentation. All the blood pressure readings were confirmed by two readings 4-6 hours apart. Mean ± SD was used to express data values. The mean PDW value was calculated for pregnant females with mild and severe preeclampsia. Results: In our study Mean PDW in patients with preeclampsia was 15.86± 0.34. The mean PDW for mild preeclampsia was 15.8± 0.35 and for severe preeclampsia 15.98±0.28.. Conclusion: PDW is a useful marker for the prediction of the severity of preeclampsia before the disease progresses to severe preeclampsia and HELLP. Raised values can help the obstetrician to actively manage the patients in time to reduce maternal and fetal mortality.

Introduction: Autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified comprise a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASDs are behaviorally defined by impairments in communication and social interaction along with restrictive and repetitive behaviors. Objectives of the study: The main objectives of the study will determine the mitochondrial dysfunction in autistic individuals by measuring plasma lactate levels. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Sahiwal. This study will include 200 children aged 7 to 9 years. Randomly selected sampling technique will be used for the data collection. For the purpose of analysis of mitochondrial dysfunctionality we will collect the blood samples of each individual. Results: The data was collected from 200 children. In this study, blood ammonia, serum lactate, AST, ALT and CK level were higher in 29(90%), 18(80%), 23 (30%), 20(20%) and 14 (40%) subjects of study group. Conclusion: It is concluded that mitochondrial dysfunction occur in children with autism spectrum disorder children