No adensamento de plantio, ocorrem alterações fisiológicas no comportamento das plantas. Com o objetivo de compreender tais alterações, avaliaram-se os caracteres morfo-vegetativos das cultivares IAC 44, IAC 99, MG 1192, Katipó, MG 6851 e UFV 3880 nos espaçamentos de plantio 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 e 2,5 m entre linhas, e 0,75 m entre as plantas. O experimento foi realizado em esquema fatorial 4 (espaçamentos) x 6 (cultivares de café) com 6 repetições, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso. Aos 20 e 33 meses, avaliaram-se altura de planta, diâmetro máximo da copa, diâmetro do caule, número de ramos plagiotrópicos, índice de área foliar e produção por planta nas duas primeiras colheitas. Obtiveram-se correlações desses caracteres com as produções através da análise de trilha. Aos 20 meses, as características vegetativas da planta não foram influenciadas pelos espaçamentos, enquanto aos 33 meses observou-se aumento da altura de planta com a redução do espaçamento. Concluiu-se que as características vegetativas do cafeeiro explicaram de maneira satisfatória a variação na produtividade. Palavras-chave: Coffea arábica L., plantio adensado, crescimento vegetativo, análise de trilha. ABSTRACT. Vegetative growth of the coffee plant (Coffea arabica L.) and its correlation with the production in narrower spacing. In density plantings, morphological and physiological changes occur in coffee plants. Aiming at understanding such changes, morpho-vegetative characters of the cultivars IAC 44, IAC 99, MG 1192, Katipó, MG 6851 and UFV 3880 were evaluated at different spacings between the rows (1.0; 1.5; 2.0 and 2.5 m) and at a 0.75 m spacing between the plants. The plots consisted of 4 rows of 4.50 m length. The experiment was carried out in a factorial 4 (spacings between rows) x 6 (cultivars) with 6 replications in a randomized block design. After 20 and 33 months of planting, the following aspects were evaluated: plant height, cup maximum diameter, stem diameter, plagiotropic branches number, leaf area index and plant yield. The data were submitted to correlation tests among vegetative characters and production by means of trail analysis. After 20 months, the evaluation showed that the vegetative characteristics of the plant were not influenced by spacing. After 33 months, the evaluation showed that plants were higher at shorter spaces between rows. Conclusion points that plant yield was well-explained by the growth characteristics of the plants.
RESUMOOs plantios adensados de café proporcionam melhor reciclagem de nutrientes e conseqüentemente reduzem a perda de nutrientes do solo por erosão, lixiviação e oxidação da matéria orgânica. Avaliaram-se as influências de diferentes espaçamentos na concentração de macro e micronutrientes em folhas de cafeeiro das cultivares IAC 44, IAC 99, MG 1192, Katipó, MG 6851 e UFV 3880. Ao início do experimento o solo foi arado para incorporação do calcário. As mudas foram plantadas em covas de 0,30 x 0,30 x 0,40 m, espaçadas entre si em 0,75 m na fileira. Na adubação de plantio aplicou-se 200 g de Fosfato Natural de Araxá, 50 g de Superfosfato Simples por cova, e 15 dias após o plantio 2L/cova de esterco em cobertura. As demais adubações foram realizadas segundo o recomendado para a cultura do café. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados num esquema fatorial 6 x 4 (seis cultivares x quatro espaçamentos), com seis repetições. As parcelas foram compostas por quatro fileiras de 4,50 m de comprimento, espaçadas entre fileiras em 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 e 2,5 m. Amostras de folhas foram retiradas aos 21 e 34 meses para avaliação dos teores foliares de macro e micronutrientes. O adensamento não influenciou na concentração de nutrientes nas folhas aos 21 meses após o plantio, mas influenciou as concentrações foliares de P, K e Mg aos 34 meses após o plantio. Termos para indexação:Coffea arabica L., adensamento, macronutrientes, micronutrientes. ABSTRACTCoffee-tree condensed plantings provide reduction in the loss of the soil nutrients by erosion, lixiviation and oxidation of the organic matter, and even increase nutrient recycling. This experiment aimed evaluates the influence of different spacing among rows on the nutrient foliar contents of coffee-tree varieties, and was performed in randomized blocks with 24 treatments and six replications. The employed varieties IAC 44, IAC 99, MG 1192, Katipó, MG 6851 and UFV 3880 were planted with a spacing of 0,75 m among plants and 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 and 2,5m among rows. Each plot was composed of 4 rows of 4,50 m of length, being the evaluations realized in two inner rows. At the beginning of the experiment the soil was plowed for incorporation of the limestone. The seedlings were planted in holes of 0,30 x 0,30 x 0,40 m. At the planting each hole received 200g of Natural Phosphate of Araxá, 50g of Simple Super phosphate. 15 days after the planting each plant received 2 L/hole of cattle manure. The reminded fertilizations were made according to the usual procedures for coffee-plant orchards. Samples of leaves were collected and analyzed to determine the macro and micronutrient contents 21 and 34 months after planting. It was concluded that the condensed planting influenced the foliar contents of P, K and Mg 34 months after the panting.
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