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Owing to the low cost and convenience of identifying an object without physical contact, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems provide innovative, promising and efficient applications in many domains. An RFID grouping protocol is a protocol that allows an off-line verifier to collect and verify the evidence of two or more tags simultaneously present. Recently, Huang and Ku (J. Med. Syst, 2009) proposed an efficient grouping protocol to enhance medication safety for inpatients based on low-cost tags. However, the Huang-Ku scheme is not secure; an attacker can easily make up fake grouping records to cheat the verifier. This weakness would seriously endanger the safety of inpatient medication safety. This paper will show the weaknesses, and then propose two RFID-based solutions to enhance medication safety for two different scenarios. The proposed schemes are practical, secure and efficient for medication applications.

In 2010, Fan et al. proposed an efficient anonymous multi-receiver identity-based encryption scheme. This scheme allows a sender to send an encrypted message to a set of designated receivers while preserving receiver anonymity. The scheme is highly efficient for each receiver as it requires only two pairing operations. However, we found that the scheme failed to protect receiver anonymity and the security notation for receiver anonymity captures only semantics in the case of a single receiver, but does not for multiple recipients. In this paper, we present the weaknesses and propose an improved scheme. The improved scheme enhances both security and computational performance.