Panoramic radiographs of two female patients ages 22 and 21 revealed the presence of two impacted bilateral upper fourth molars and unilateral (right) upper fourth and fifth molars. All of the teeth were distomolars. The supernumerary teeth had normal tooth morphology with regard to their crowns and roots but were slightly smaller than the existing third molars. Their crowns were either two or three tuberculated and they all had single roots.
Citation
Kokten G, Balcioglu H, Buyukertan M. Supernumerary Fourth and Fifth Molars: A Report of Two Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 November;(4)4:067-076.
The inferior alveolar nerve is the one of the large branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. It is vulnerable during surgical procedures of the mandible. Despite its importance, no anatomical and histological examination has been conducted to provide a detailed cross-sectional morphology of the mandibular canal according to dental status. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the position of the mandibular canal through direct measurement and to determine the branches of the inferior alveolar nerve through histologic examination. The area between the anterior margin of the third molar and the anterior margin of the second premolar of dentulous, partially dentulous, and edentulous hemimandible specimens (n = 49) from 26 human cadavers was serially sectioned into seven segments, and specific distances were measured using digital calipers. Following this, 5-microm cross-sections were prepared along the mandibular canal and mental foramen, and examined by fluorescence microscopy. The mandibular canal was located at a mean distance of 10.52 mm above the inferior margin of the mandible. The mean maximum diameters of the mandibular canal, inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein were 2.52, 1.84, 0.42, and 0.58 mm, respectively. This study found that the inferior alveolar nerve often gives rise to several branches at each level (range 0-3). To minimize the risk of injury, knowledge of the small branches of the nerve and of the detailed findings regarding the position of the mandibular canal reported here should be considered when planning mandibular surgery, especially during implant placement.
Özet: Dünya üzerinde farklı beslenme alışkanlıklarının ve bunların kronik hastalıklarla ilişkisinin araştırılması, besin maddelerinin yeri ve etkinliği ile ilgili önemli bilgilerin edinilmesini sağlayabilir. Akdeniz Diyeti, sağlık durumuna katkıda bulunan sağlıklı bir beslenme modelidir. Çalışmamızla birlikte amacımız Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği'nin Türkçe'ye uyarlanması ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesidir. Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği 14 sorudan oluşan bir ankettir. Çalışma 2 aşamada tamamlanmış olup; ilk olarak İngilizce olan aslından Türkçe' ye çevrilmiştir. İkinci adımda ise Türkçe ölçeğin güvenilirliği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Klinik Uygulamalar ve Araştırma Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya 71 kişi alınmıştır. Katılımcıların %42.25'inin (n=30) toplam puanı 7 ve üzerinde olup Akdeniz diyeti uyumları varken, %57.75'inin (n=41) toplam puanı 7'nin altında olup Akdeniz diyeti uyumlarının olmadığı saptanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alpha katsayısı 0,829 olup bu değer ölçeğin güvenilir olduğunu gösterir. Çalışmamız, Akdeniz Diyeti Bağlılık Ölçeği'nin Türkçe'ye uyarlanmış halinin güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir.
The stabilization splint therapy had no effect on the volume, fat and/or water content of the masseter muscle; however the discomfort was reduced in the patients. Although the effect of splint therapy is not fully understood, the non-invasive and reversible stabilization splint can be used in SB patients because of its relaxation effect on muscles.
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