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Southeast Anatolia Region was subject to a large flood disaster whose severity is expected only once each 100 years in November 2006. Several people died or injured after a very heavy rain fell which outlast nearly 3 hours. Nonetheless government made a strong effort to interfere the casualties. Before and after images of TERRA/ASTER satellite were used to analyse the effects of the disaster. Before image was gathered on May and after image was gathered on November. November image was registered onto May image with a very accurate rectification process in spite of a huge seasonal difference.Land use and land cover classification using an object oriented method has been performed on the study area. VNIR, SWIR and TIR bands of both satellite images were included in classification process. Fuzzy image segmentation was attempted using scale parameters of 5, 10, 20 and 30 on both images. Pre-flood and post-flood classification results were fulfilled according to the scale parameter of "5". Even though the date of the post-flood image 4 days after the flood, affected regions were determined by courtesy of object oriented fuzzy classification process.

Recurring emergences of mud islands on shelf of the Arabian Sea, along the Makran coast of Pakistan are now known to be submarine mud volcanoes. They are expressions of enhanced extrusions of fluidized mud and gases coupled with compressional tectonics in convergent margin settings. Since 1945 the Malan island has emerged four times, and some other mud islands have also been emerging repeatedly, at their own positions. The first known emergence, during November 1945, was concurrent with an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 (M8.0), the 2ndand 3rdemergences, in March 1999 and November 2010 respectively, were not related apparently with earthquakes. The 4themergence concurred with the Awaran earthquake (M7.7) of 24thSeptember 2013. Landsat images of March 1999 and November 2010 emergences indicate appearance of round-shaped island of 4.4 and 5.2 hectare area, followed by erosion and disappearance. The island was composed of mud breccias and circular vents spewing mud slurry and methane gas. The emergence of Malan island, in March 1999 and November 2010 was compared with earthquake data before and after the emergences. The earthquakes data, two years before March 1999 and November 2010 emergences and two years afterwards, shows correlation with both small and large earthquakes, prior to the emergence, in the radius of over 400 km. It is proposed that mud islands develop in response to the episodes of enhanced mud extrusion, which inturn are related with the enhanced compressional and/or seismic events. These events are followed by periods of relative quiescence characterized by normal activity of mud extrusion and marine erosion.

Çok çeşitli verinin analiziyle anlamlı sonuçlar elde edilmesine yönelik teknikler veri madenciliği kavramını ifade etmektedir. Birliktelik kuralları, veri madenciliğinin temel tekniklerinden birisidir. Genel olarak farklı olayların, birlikte gerçekleşebilme durumlarının tespit edilmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Analizi yapılan veri setinde bulunan verilerin birbirleri arasında bulunan birliktelik bağıntıları bulunabilmektedir.. Böylece bu bağıntılar arasında eğer bir yada daha fazla durum var ise, bu durumların sonucunda belli durumlar olabilir şeklinde çıkarımlar yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Kaynaşlı (Düzce) ilçesinde yer alan 2112 binaya ait deprem riski puanlama verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu verisetindeki sözel veriler; binalar ile ilgili kat yüksekliği, kullanım durumu, bina malzemesi, 1999 depremi öncesinde ya da sonrasında inşaa edilme durumu ve elde edilen risk puanlarından oluşmaktadır. Daha detaylı birliktelik analizi yapılması için coğrafi bilgi sistemleri kullanılarak kesişim analizi yapılmış ve veri setinin mekansal verileri elde edilmiştir. Bunlar binaların bulundukları konumlara bağlı olarak oluşturulan eğim, jeoloji, taşıma gücü, zemin titreşim, zemin sınıfı, zemin büyütme ve yer altı suyu verileridir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bir binanın yerel deprem puanı 93.5'den büyük ve zemin titreşimi 0.10-0.20 aralığında ise düşük riskli, bina 2 katlı ve düşük riskli ise yerel deprem puanı 93.5'den büyük ve meskendir gibi çıkarımlar yapılabilmektedir.

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