In today's context of international economic integration and globalization, competition is an objective rule in the commodity production system. Competition is also part of the operational mechanisms of the global market economy. To improve enterprise competitiveness, construction companies need to be concerned. The process involves assessing the competitiveness of the contractors operating in construction activities and the publication of the ranking results to create transparency in the selection of the contractors and improve the quality of the bidding competition. This research identified the indicators necessary for assessing the competitiveness of a contractor in civil and industrial engineering in Vietnam. A survey was used to collect the data for the analysis. The results illustrate that the key competitiveness indicators (KCI) aggregated in six main groups: (1) management skills, (2) financing ability, (3) contractor image, (4) human resources strength, (5) relationships and marketing ability, and (6) technical capacity. This result provides useful information necessary to help construction contractors better understand their strengths and weaknesses and then take the related actions necessary to improve and develop their competitive strategies.