This study sought to describe and to evaluate the characteristics of the Health Screening Records Database (HSRD) of the Korea Association of Health Promotion as a data source for epidemiologic studies. The HSRD was compared to a National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) database for 2015. Common variables between the databases were selected, and sex-based analyses were conducted. The HSRD showed statistical concordance when NHIS-HEALS estimates fell within the HSRD estimate's 95% confidence interval. The HSRD and NHIS-HEALS included 946461 and 111690 participants in health screening programs, respectively. Compared to the NHIS-HEALS, the HSRD had more female (55.2% vs. 42.6%) but fewer older adult participants (34.4% vs. 51.2%). Virtually all variables had clinical concordance, with some having statistical concordance as well, among both general and life-transition program participants. The HSRD comprised more clinical information over a wider age range in contrast to the NHIS-HEALS, while showing clinical concordance. Providing more comprehensive clinical data, the HSRD may serve as an alternative resource for epidemiologic studies.