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Mulberry leaf (Mori Folium) extract (MLE) is known to have anti-obesity effects. In this study, the enhanced effects of MLE after bioconversion treatment using Pectinex (BMLE) on obesity were explored, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated using the active components, neochlorogenic acid (5-CQA) and cryptochlorogenic acid (4-CQA), whose amounts were increased by bioconversion of MLE. Both MLE and BMLE inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes without cytotoxicity and suppressed the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα). In addition, MLE and BMLE decreased high-fat diet-induced adipose tissue mass expansion. Notably, BMLE significantly increased antiadipogenic and anti-obesity effects compared to MLE in vitro and in vivo. The active ingredients increased by bioconversion, 5-CQA and 4-CQA, inhibited the protein levels of C/EBPα and the mRNA levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1). These findings provide new insights into the therapeutic possibility of using bioconversion of MLE, by which upregulation of 5-CQA and 4-CQA potently inhibits adipogenesis.

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G Nowadays, large area, flat panel solid state detectors are being investigated for digital radiography. In this paper, development and evaluation of a selenium-based flat-panel digital x-ray detector are described. The prototype detector has a pixel pitch of 139 ໃ and a total active imaging area of 7 inch × 8.5 inch, giving a total of 1.9 million pixel.This detector include a x-ray imaging layer of amorphous selenium as a photoconductor which is evaporated in vacuum state on a TFT flat panel, to make signals in proportion to incident x-ray. The film thickness was about 500 ໃ . To evaluate the imaging performance of the digital radiography(DR) system developed in our group, sensitivity, linearity of the response of exposure, the modulation transfer function(MTF) and detective quantum efficiency(DQE) of detector was measured. The measured sensitivity was 4.16×10 6 ehp/pixel mR at the bias field of 10 V/ໃ : The beam condition was 41.9 KeV. Measured MTF at 2.5 lp/mm was 52%, and the DQE at 1.5 lp/mm was 75%. And the excellent linearity was showed where the coefficient of determination (r 2 ) is 0.9693.

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