Endoscopic ablation is an effective treatment option for HLs and significantly reduces pain and improves voiding symptoms. Repeat ablation upon recurrence could help symptom control and bladder preservation only if the bladder capacity is maintained.

Purpose: We compared biopsy results and surgical outcomes of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided biopsy with transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy to demonstrate efficacy of MRI-guided biopsy on previous biopsy negative patients. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data of 120 patients who were categorized into MRI-guided biopsy groups (n=20) and TRUS-guided biopsy groups (n=100). All patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) and had undergone radical prostatectomy (RP) after MRI-guided or TRUS-guided repeat biopsy between January 2010 and March 2016. Detection rate of significant cancer and Gleason score upgrading and downgrading were examined, in addition to biopsy results and subsequent RP outcomes. Results: Median values for prostate-specific antigen level of the TRUS-guided biopsy group and the MRI-guided biopsy group were 6.67 and 5.86 ng/mL (p=0.303), respectively. Median prostate volume of each group (34.1 mL vs. 23.5 mL, p=0.007), number of positive cores (2.0 vs. 3.0, p=0.001) and maximum cancer/core rate (30.0% vs. 60.0%, p＜0.001) were statistically different. Positive core rates of each group were 21.9% and 87.1%, respectively. Pathologic T stage was the only variable that showed difference in surgical outcomes (p=0.002). Most of PCa was confirmed as clinically significant PCa after RP in MRI-guided biopsy group (95%). Conclusions: MRI-guided biopsy showed higher positive core rate and detection rate of clinically significant PCa than TRUS-guided biopsy in repeat biopsy setting. Prospective multicenter large-scale study and accumulation of data is expected to further define superiority of the MRI-guided biopsy.

Ultrasongraphy is a very usef미 diagnostic modality for the evaluation of clinically suspicious abdominal masses in infants and children, especially in assessing their existence, size, location, origin and internal consistency Authors analyzed and present ultrasonographic findings of 92 pathologically and/or clinically proven pediatric abdominal masses that were studied and treated in Chonnam University Hospital during recent 4 yearsThe results were as follows 1. The most common originating site was kidney (26 cases: 28.3%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (21 cases 22.8%), genital organ (17 cases: 18. 5%), non-renal retroperitoneum (13 cases: 18.5%), hepatobilary tract (12 cases: 13.0%), and anterior abdominal wall (3 cases: 3.3%) in order of frequency 2. The most common mass was hydronephrosis (18 cases: 19.6%) Neuroblastoma (7 cases: 7.6%), hepatoblastoma, ovarian teratoma, periappendiceal abscess and abdominal tuberculosis (6 cases: 6.5%, respectively), Wilms tumor (5 cases: 5.4%) were next in order of frequency 3. The sex distribution is rather similar, that is, male 42 (45 .7%) and female 50 (54.3%), but characteristically choledochal cyst (2 cases) and genital mass (17 cases) were found only in females Considering age distribution, 78 cases (84.8%) 'N ere lound within the range 01 one to 15 years of age The rest, 14 cases (15.2%), were under th e age of one year 4. With ultrasonography, the diagnosis 01 hydronephrosis could be made easily in every case and we could evaluate its severity and leve l 01 obstruction with high accuracy 5. AII Wilms tumor were large, round or oval, sharply marginated and relatively hornogeneous solid masses 6. AII neuroblastomas were irregular shaped , poorly delined , heterogeneous solid masses Tumor calcilication and extension across the midline were noted in 6 cases (85 .7%) and 5 cases (71 .4%), respectively 7. AII periappendiceal abscesses had irregular thickened wall and posterior acoustic en hancement; 4 cases (66.7%) among th em we re mixed ec ho pattern and 2 cases (33.3%) echo Iree 8. Among the 6 abdominal tuberculoses, 2 were seen as irregularly defined solid masses, 1 as conglomeration 01 multiple hypoechoic nodulles and 3as mixed patterns 이 논문은 198 5 년 1 2 월 26 일에 접수하여 1986 년 1 월 31 일에 채택되었음.-92

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is rare but Irequen tly latal compli cation 01 rena l parenc hymal inlection, most commonly occurs in diabetic patients and is often associated w ith urinary obstru ction, prior urological abnormality or inlection