This experiment was carried out at El-Riad region, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during two sugar beet successive seasons, 2013 and 2014. The aim of this study examined the efficiency of silica nanoparticles, bioinsecticides (Dipel 2X and Biofly), peppermint extract and insecticide (Match 50% EC) in controlling the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and their effects on some associated natural enemies in sugar beet. Results showed that the chemical insecticide (marshal) was the highest efficiency in controlling the cotton leafworm flowed by silica nanoparticles in high rate. Data showed also the extract of peppermint attractive the natural enemies to sugar beet filed and made moderate control the cotton leafworm.

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The present study aimed to evaluate the toxicological as well as biochemical effects of the three photosensitizer compounds; rose bengal, eosin yellow lactone and methylene blue on the fourth larval instar of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Results of insecticidal activity against the fourth larval instar of S. littoralis revealed that rose bengal is the most toxic photosensitizer compound followed by eosin yellow lactone, then methylene blue. The corresponding LC 50 values were 37X10-5 M, 81X10-5 M and 136X10-5 M; respectively. Concerning, the photodynamic process of the thee photosensitizer compounds to control the 4 th instar larvae of S. littoralis , the LT 50 values of the lowest concentrations of rose bengal, eosin yellow lactone and methylene blue were >4hrs for each. On the other hand, the LT 50 values of the highest concentrations were 2.2, 3.25 and 2.50 hrs; respectively. This indicates that rose bengal was the most active compound. On the light of the median lethal effects of the three tested photosensitizer compounds on the total protein ,total lipids and total carbohydrates content in the tested fourth larval instar of the cotton leaf worm, the results proved that the three photosensitizer compounds decreased these biochemical contents except methylene blue slighty increased total protein content relative to control.

In order to investigate six faba bean cultivars Nubaria 1, Sakha 1, Giza 716, Giza 843, Misr 1 and Giza 40 under foliar spraying with Actara insecticide (thiamethoxam), Sumi-8 fungicide (diniconazole) and thiamethoxam + diniconazole compared to control for yield and its components, some biochemicals, leaf miner (Liromiza congesta) numbers, aphid (Aphis gossypii) numbers, chocolate spot disease severity caused by Botrytis fabae Sard. and pesticides residue in green pods. The results showed that, Giza 716 cv. surpassed other cultivars in plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, seed yield/plant and seed yield/plot in both seasons. Giza 40 cv. showed the highest values for chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carbohydrate %, total protein %, peroxidase activity and polyphenoloxidase activity in both seasons respectively. Faba bean plants under the Actara insecticides (thiamethoxam) recorded the highest mean values for plant height, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield/plant, seed yield/plot and lowest aphid and leaf miner (Liromiza congesta) numbers in both seasons. While, the control treatment gave the highest mean values for chlorophyll a, total protein, peroxidase activity and polyphenol-oxidase activity in both seasons respectively. Diniconazole and thiamethoxam + diniconazole treatments showed the lowest disease severity of chocolate spot caused by Botrytis fabae. The lowest numbers of leaf miner (Liromiza congesta) in both seasons were counted in Misr 1 cv. followed by Nubaria 1 then Giza 40. In the same way, the lowest numbers of aphid were collected from Giza 40 followed by Misr 1 then Nubaria 1 in the two seasons. Also, Nubaria 1 cv. was the most resistant one to chocolate spot where it scored the lowest disease severity among all cultivars in both seasons followed by Misr 1 cv. in both seasons. With regard to residues analysis, the half-life value of thiamethoxam was 3.02, 3.59, and 2.57 days of the application with degradation rate of 0.138, 0.051 and 0.269 for pods, peels and seeds, respectively.