Emphysematous pyelonephritis is rare but Irequen tly latal compli cation 01 rena l parenc hymal inlection, most commonly occurs in diabetic patients and is often associated w ith urinary obstru ction, prior urological abnormality or inlection

On the basis of cerebral angiographic findings , 112 cases of intracranial aneurysm were analysed. ln most of them , cerebral angiographies were done due to suggestion of Suharachiod hemorrhage.clinically and in some, due to suspicion of cerebral tumor or head trauma.1. The sex and age distribution of 112 cases of intracranial aneurysms were as follows; The incidence of male was 44.6% and that of female 55.4%. The peak frequency (l7.9%) in the male was 40 to 49 years un that (17. 0%) in the female 50 to 59 yrs.2. The incidence of multiple aneurysm was 10.8%.3. The locations of intracranial aneurysms were as follows: Ant. comm. art. account for 34.8% the regions of post. comm. art. for 23.5% , the main branching region of middle cerebral art. for 17.4% and the bifnrcating region of int. carotid art. for 7.8% . 4. The shape of intracranial aneurysms were most frequent in saccular shape(77. 0%) , next in dumb-bell shape (17. 7%) and in fusiform (5.3%). The saccular shapes were relatively frequent in the aneurysms of post. comm. art. 5. The relationship of the size of intracranial aneurysm and age or blood pressure were that relatively big sized aneurysms (7-10mm) were frequent after the age of 30 yrs. old and in the patients with high blood pressure, 6. The vascular spasms in the ruptured or symtomatic intracranial aneurysms were almost seen on the same side of the aneurySms , and occure in about 20% at the site of proximal or distal to the aneurysms locaIly or entire main and peripheral branches on the same side of the lesions diffusely without great difference in the two groups, however diffuse spasm distal to the aneurysms occured in the incidence of 19.7% of rupture cases and of 3.0% in only symtomatic cases.7. The earI y fiIling of meningeal artery of poor fi Iling of peripheral branches which were suggestive of increased lCP were somewhat moreprominent in the ruptured aneurysms than in the symtomatíc aneurysms.8. The changes of cerebral angiographic findings by cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral edema and 이 이 n / 야

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A clinical and radiological observation was made on 167 cases of urolithi asis among the number of 150 patients during 1 year and 6 months from June, 1981 to November, 1982 The results were sum merized as follows.1. There were 101 man and 49 women , a ratio of 2: 1. The ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 74 years, showing the highest incidence in 31 to 60 years (68.1%).2. Locational distributions of urolithiasis were 80 cases (47.9%) in the ureter, 66 cases (39.5%) in the kidney , 11 cases (6.5%) in the urethra and 10 cases (5.9%) in the bladder.3. Among the 66 cases of renal stone , pelvis stone was 55 ca5es (83.3 %) with staghorn types in 23 cases (34.8%), and calyceal stone was 11 cases (16.6%).4. The location of ureteral stone was 47.5 % in lower, 40% in upper ureter and 12.5% in mid.ureter.5. The location of urethra stone was 82% in the anterior urethra and 18% in the posterior urethra.6. The chief complain of urolithiasis was flank pain in 59.2%, gross hematuria in 20.3%, renal colic in 13.1%, dysuria in 8.3%, nausea and vomiting in 4.7%, and sudden stoppage of urine stream in 3.5%.7. On urinalysis, gross hp. maturia was found in 54.4%, pyuria in 28.7% , bacteriuria in 23.3%, microscopic hematu ria in 18.5 % and normal in 7.1 %.8. The size of urinary stone was 0.6.2.0 cm in length in 105 cases (62.8 %).9. On I.V.P. study of renal stones (66 cases), mild and moderate hydronephrotic changes were detected in 38 kindne ys (57.5 %), and the relationship between the urinary stasis and renal stone size was relatively good .10.0n I. V.P . study of ureteral stones (80 cases), mild to severe hydronephrotic changes were detected in 64 kidneys (80%).11.0n K.U.B. film , paralytic il e us was found in 25 cases (14.9 %).12.Among the urinary stones, the radiolucent stones were detected in 8 cases (4.7%).13. Urinary stones disappeared in 11 cases (6.5 %) spontaneously or medical treatmen t.이 논문은 83 년 7 월 23 일에 채택되었음.-594 -