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Unrestrained spider dragline 'super-contracts' when it is wetted, causing its length to shrink by about half and its diameter to almost double. Here we measure the supercontraction stresses generated upon initial exposure of spider dragline to moisture and find that they are transient, as well as being greater than previously estimated. Our findings cast doubt on suggestions that supercontraction may help to maintain tension in wet webs and could limit the potential load-bearing applications of silk and its analogues.

With the advent of biosimilar version of brand biologics, regulatory authorities in all major jurisdictions throughout the world have developed guidance documents to facilitate their approval [1][2][3][4] . The common theme in the new guidance documents is the stipulation that sponsors must demonstrate biosimilarity between their proposed product and an approved reference product by using state-of-the-art analytical technologies to reduce the size of clinical studies. In the US guidance documents a "totality of evidence" approach is described that can be used to establish the degree of similarity and guide regulatory decision making 3, 4 .Higher order structure is an important quality attribute of biosimilars that must be assessed in a thorough comparability exercise. To date, the higher order structure has been evaluated with low-resolution techniques, such as circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, and indirectly with several biological and stability assays 5 . In 2008, a two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) spectroscopy approach was first applied to the high-resolution assessment of the higher order structure of a native Correspondence should be addressed to

The outer valence shell photoelectron spectrum of CF3SF5 has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Synchrotron radiation has been used to record angle-resolved outer valence shell photoelectron spectra of CF3SF5 in the photon energy range 18–60 eV. These spectra have allowed photoelectron asymmetry parameters and branching ratios to be derived. The Outer Valence Green's Function approach has been employed to calculate the molecular orbital configuration and associated binding energies. A charge distribution analysis has also been obtained. Assignments have been proposed for the peaks observed in the photoelectron spectrum. The absolute photoabsorption cross section of CF3SF5 has been measured from threshold to 40 eV, and strongly resembles that of SF6. Assignments, involving intravalence transitions, have been proposed for some of the principal features appearing in the photoabsorption spectrum of CF3SF5.