BACKGROUND: Cryptococcus is a common cause of opportunistic infection in HIV-positive patients. While the incidence of this disease has decreased in AIDS-associated cases, cryptococcal infection in immune-competent person has been increased. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of cryptococcosis and literature review of pathogenesis and clinical aspects of cryptococcal central nervous system infection. A 64-year-old man, from Flores, complaining of severe headache since a few days before admitted to hospital. Head MRI showed multiple hypointense lesions in the left cerebellar hemisphere, suspected abscess or metastatic process. HIV testing was non-reactive. Surgery was performed, and microscopic evaluation revealed multiple abscesses containing PAS-positive budding yeasts consistent with cryptococcal abscesses. CONCLUSION: Cryptococcosis rarely occur in immunocompetent patients. The clinical manifestation depends on pathogenic factors of pathogen and host factor. Treatment is with the administration of antifungal drugs, and the prognosis mostly depends on the underlying disease.

we report a case of orbital rhabdomyosa-rcoma in a 2.5 year-old female child.

Background: In secondary brain injury, oxidative stress will occur due to a balance disorder between pro-oxidants with antioxidants. The antioxidant activity that is often used to assess oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), is superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This study aims to evaluate the level of oxidative stress, reflected by the MDA serum level and SOD level to determine the outcomes of patients with severe head injury. Method: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among 40 patients with severe head injury within 24 hours post-trauma at Emergency Ward, Surgery Department, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar from January-June 2017. MDA and SOD levels were assessed using ELISA at Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Sanglah General Hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 16 software. Results: This study found significant differences on elevated MDA levels (p-value < 0.05) in patients who died or had a persistent vegetative state, patients with severe disability and those with a good recovery/moderate disability. The statistical analysis also found a significant difference in MDA serum levels among patient with severe disability and patients with a good recovery/moderate disability (P=0,028). Meanwhile, there was no significant correlation between SOD serum levels and patients outcome (P>0.05). Conclusion: Increased MDA serum levels is a significant factor in predicting outcomes of patients with severe head injury.