A strategy for the multifunctionalization of the FIA biosensor was developed. The described multifunctional FIA system offers a fast and simple method for the simultaneous determination of ammonia, creatinine, and urea. The hydrolysis of creatinine by creatinine deiminase (CRDI) or of urea by urease forms ammonia, which is amperometrically detected by an oxygen electrode, based on an enzyme conversion system, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH)/glutamate oxidase (GLOD). The split of the stream into three after sample injection and confluence before the GLDH reactor resulted in a three-channel system, into which were set three parallel columns, respectively, filled with immobilized CRDI, urease, and CPG. A triple-peak recording was obtained by putting two delay coils at the channels involving CRDI and urease. Thus the interfering of the endogenous ammonia on the creatinine and urea assay is simultaneously compensated. Furthermore, the problem of great difference in concentration between urea and the other two components is resolved by taking advantage of the differentiated dilution effect for each channel caused from the split-stream, flow-injection system. Linear calibration ranges for ammonia, creatinine, and urea were 0.1-5, 0.2-10, and 2-40 mM, respectively. One run was finished within 5 minutes, and the system was reproducibility good (3 to 5%). The results of the urine assay obtained by the present method will be described in the near future.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.