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The Virtual Source (VS) Method provides unparalleled capability to synthesize controlled and repeatable downhole sources at the location of VSP geophones. Although the physical sources are located at the surface, VS redatuming corrects for small non-repeatability of surface shooting and compensates for subsurface changes above the receivers. If Virtual Sources are created at permanently placed receivers, then we essentially obtain a "permanent downhole source and receiver" configuration that is optimal for sensitive reservoir monitoring. We demonstrate these advantages with a field data example and then focus on defining acquisition, drilling and tool requirements for onshore VS monitoring.

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