Левакова И.В., Арустамов Э.А. 105005, г. Москва, ул. Радио, д. 10А, Российская Федерация Аннотация. В статье проанализированы существующие подходы к решению проблемы утилизации отходов в г. Москва, решение которой в настоящее время является одной из актуальнейших экологических задач. До сих пор основным способом утилизации остаётся захоронение отходов, но в последние годы были также приняты программы по авторециклингу и гидросепарации. Сделан вывод, что существующие программы по ав-торециклингу и гидросепарации не в состоянии кардинально решить проблему утилиза-ции всего объёма отходов, который фактически образуется в городе. Решение проблемы видится на пути осуществления комплексного подхода, при котором методы утилизации предусматриваются ещё на стадии производства товаров потребляемых в мегаполисе.
Московский государственный областной университетКлючевые слова: утилизация отходов, авторециклинг, гидросепарация, Москва.
ON THE NECESSITY OF AN INTEGRATED APPROACH IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM IN MOSCOW
I. Levakova, E. Arustamov
Moscow Region State University ul. Radio 10А, Moscow, 105005, Russian FederationAbstract. The paper analyzes the main approaches to solving the problem of waste disposal in Moscow. The problem of waste disposal is currently one of the most actual environmental problems in Moscow. The solution of this problem is carried out mainly through the disposal of waste. In recent years, programs have been implemented based on autorecycling and hydroseparation. Programs of autorecycling and hydroseparation cannot fundamentally solve the problem of disposal of waste that is currently produced in the city. The problem must be addressed using an integrated approach. Methods of disposal shall be provided at the stage of manufacture of the goods.
The article analyzes the implementation of a comprehensive system of solid municipal waste management within the framework of a federal project. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the lack of an integrated approach has led to severe environmental consequences for the environment of many regions of the country. The article discusses the main directions of the «garbage reform»: changes in legislation; changes in the system of payments for garbage collection; reorganization of the management system. The authors present the target indicators and results of the federal project. The article analyzes the results of the project implementation for ten months, presented by the Accounting Chamber, the opinions of the heads of coordinating state bodies, which indicate that the «garbage reform» does not yet give results. The Accounting Chamber notes the irrational use of the released budget funds. Non-payments for garbage collection are noted everywhere, and regional operators are unable to cope with the removal of solid municipal waste. The article concludes that the main reason for the lack of results of the «garbage reform» is the inefficient work of the relevant coordinating bodies.
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