Due to the increased interest in the cultivation and use of naked oats in recent years, the evaluation of naked samples of spring oats of competitive variety testing by grain yield and the elements of its structure was carried out. The studies were conducted in 2013-2021. Eleven naked spring oat samples of the "Nemchinovka" Federal Research Center selection were studied. The Tyumensky Golozerny variety was used as a standard. During the experiment, sample yields ranged from 1.9 to 2.9 t/ha. Four samples stood out in terms of yield: 52h2467 (2.9 t/ha), 38h2273, 11h2619 (2.5 t/ha each), and 2h2348 (2.3 t/ha). The increase to the standard variety in these samples was 0.1-0.7 t/ha with LSD05 = 0.13-0.53 t/ha. The maximum grain yield (32% more than the standard) in a competitive variety trial showed the sample 52h2467. During the 9 years of research the high-est yield was observed with productive bushiness 1.1-1.4 units, the weight of 1 thousand grains 30.2-35.2 g and the weight of grains per a panicle 0.90-2.06 g. According to the results of the correlation analysis, the productive bushiness (r = 0,72), the weight of grains per a panicle (r = 0,70) and the weight of 1 thousand grains (r = 0,38) are the main elements of the crop structure, which have the strongest impact on the yield of grain in the Northern region.

УДК 636.082 ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ОБРАЗЦЫ ОВСА ЯРОВОГО (AVENA SATIVA), АДАПТИРОВАННЫЕ К ПРИРОДНО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИМ УСЛОВИЯМ СЕВЕРНОГО РЕГИОНА РФ И. В. ЗОБНИНА, научный сотрудник лаборатории растениеводства, Приморский филиал Федерального исследовательского центра комплексного изучения Арктики имени академика Н. П. Лаверова РАН-«Архангельский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства»

54 samples of spring oats of various ecological and geographical origin were studied on the basis of FGUP "Kotlasskoe", which is located in the south-eastern part of the Northern Region in 2017–2020. A comprehensive assessment of varieties based on biological and production indicators was carried out: grain yield and green mass, weight of 1000 grains, duration of the growing season, plant height, resistance to lodging and dust smut damage. As a result of the conducted research, a promising breeding material for breeding on a complex of economically valuable traits was identified. The following samples were selected for use on grain: 35h2636, 27h2506, 45h2490, 3h2559, 69h2450, and H-2502. Of particular interest were the varieties of universal use, which formed a high yield of grain and green mass (45h2490, 69h2450 and H-2502).

The developed spring oats varieties should combine potential productivity with resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors due to increased adaptability. The purpose of the current study was to develop a new highly productive spring oats variety with a complex of economically valuable traits that are resistant to abiotic and biotic stressors. The current paper has presented a description of the new spring oats variety ‘Arkhan’ (mutika), developed by the Moscow RIA in cooperation with the FSEI “Kotlasskoe” by the method of individual-family selection from a hybrid population obtained from step hybridization of the varieties of different origin. The Competitive Variety Testing of the variety ‘Arkhan’ was carried out in 2013–2016 on the basis of the FSEI “Kotlasskoe” of the Arkhangelsk region, the variety ‘Krechet’ was the standard variety. The grain productivity of the new variety averaged 4.5 t/ha over 4 years, which was significantly larger than that of the standard variety ‘Krechet’ (3.5 t/ha). The average green mass productivity of the variety ‘Arkhan’ was 26.7 t/ha, which on 8.5 t/ha higher than that of the standard variety ‘Krechet’. The variety ‘Arkhan’ is characterized by resistance to head smut, being relatively resistant to crown oats rust. The variety is highly resistant to grain shedding and lodging. According to the best indicators, the new spring oats variety ‘Arkhan’ in 2017 was sent for the study to the State Variety Network of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the State Variety Testing, the variety has been included into the State List of Breeding Achievements approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation since 2020 (in regions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5).