This paper describes the ingredients of a knowledge-based framework for selection of construction methods. They include an operational definition of construction method, a conceptual model of the decision-making process, an explanation of how project context and construction methods may be represented for methods selection and analysis purposes, the range of criteria that need to be considered, and a representation of construction expertise. These ingredients are illustrated using a prototype expert system, called CMSA (Construction Methods Selection Assistant), to select a shoring system for cut-and-cover tunnelling. Key words: construction methods, decision-making, expert system, prototype.
Abstract:In construction delay claims, force majeure is normally recognized as an excusable risk that entitles contractors only to time extensions, but neither of the contracting parties is entitled to monetary compensation to recover delay damages. However, there are instances where contractors are entitled to both time and cost compensations, as evidenced by some court cases relating to force majeure claims. Such instances involve attributing the occurrence of the force majeure to the effect of other prior delay events that pushed project performance into the period of the force majeure. Existing delay analysis methods are not capable of addressing this issue, as none take the impact of other delays into consideration when analyzing force majeure claims. Stimulated by this gap, this study proposes an improved and sound method for fairly analyzing the responsibility of force majeure delay claims amongst contracting parties. This method was implemented on a case project to help demonstrate its application and also ascertain its practicability. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it has highlighted the situation of force majeure delay that can be compensable, creating more awareness among researchers and industry practitioners. The second is a proposed systematic process to appropriately analyze its responsibility, which equitably addresses claims from such delays with little or no chance of dispute ensuing.
There ai-e basically two construction methods used in using reinforced concrete as a building structures, the first is by applying ready mix concrete in the job site and the second is by utilizing precast concrete.This paper aims at comparing and contrasting the costs of the structural elements, in Riyadh city, of building structure for the above two construction methods. The components of building structure selected for the sake of comparison in this study are: Foundations, Columns, slabs, beams and stairs.Two similar buildings in function, design criteria, area of floors, other features and total costs; with the exception that the two structures are designed in two different types: the first is using ready mix concrete and the second using pecast concrete.The results of this study, given the size and location of the two projects, calls for constructing building structure using construction method of ready mix concrete over using precast for economic reasons.
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