This study aimed to determine food restriction effects on the profile of fatty acids and major genes on lipogenesis expressions in liver.16 Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups and different diets were given to groups for 4-weeks. First group was fed ad libitum (Control group), another group was fed the half amount of the daily requirement (Food Restriction group, FR). As well as weekly food consumption and body weight changes, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglyceride levels were determined at the end of the feeding period. In addition to the fatty acid profile, FASN and SCD-1 genes expression levels were measured in the liver. While the body weight averages decreased after 7 days and remained similar, plasma glucose levels were found lower in the FR. FASN was upregulated approximately 6 folds, and SCD-1 increased insignificantly about 3 folds in the FR. C15:0, C18:1 n9 trans, C18:2 n6 cis, C21:0, C20:2, C20:5 n3, n6 and UFA were lower, while C16:0, C18:2 n6 trans, C20:3 n6, C22:6 n3, C22:1 n9, C22:2 and SFA were higher in FR. In addition to considering the exposure time and rate of food restriction, molecular activity and interactions in other metabolic organs should be investigated.

Bu klinik retrospektif çalışmada, koksofemoral çıkık şekillenen kedi ve köpeklerde modifiye toggle pin tekniğinin kullanımı ve sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Çalışma materyalini 13 kedi, 20 köpek olmak üzere toplam 33 vaka oluşturdu. Kedilerin ağırlık ortalaması 3.2 kg, köpeklerin ağırlık ortalaması 18.0 kg idi. Koksofemoral çıkığın tespiti için radyografik ve klinik muayeneler yapıldı. Asetabular stabilizasyon için modifiye toggle aparatı olarak kirschner telinden hazırlanan farklı ebatlarda modifiye toggle pinler kullanıldı. Monofilament sütür materyali olarak balıkçı misinası kullanıldı. Lateral stabilizasyon için trochanter mayore açılan transvers delik, kirschner telinden hazırlanan pin ve rondela kullanımı olmak üzere 3 farklı uygulama yapıldı. Kullanılan teknikten bağımsız olarak, 13 kedinin 12'sinde herhangi bir komplikasyon şekillenmedi ve sonuç %92 başarı ile mükemmel olarak kaydedildi. Bir vakada ise yeniden travmaya maruz kalması sonucu reluksasyon şekillendi (%8). Köpeklerde 10 vakada herhangi bir komplikasyon şekillenmedi (%50), 2 vakada yeniden travmaya maruz kalması sonucu reluksasyon şekillendi (%10), 8 vakada ise subluksasyon görüldü (%40). Subluksasyon şekillenme nedeni operasyon öncesi kalça ekleminde başka patolojilerin varlığına bağlandı. Sonuç olarak; koksofemoral çıkıklarda kedilerde modifiye toggle pin tekniği başarılı bir şekilde kullanılırken, köpeklerde bu başarının kedilere nazaran daha düşük olduğu görüldü. Uygulanan tekniğe bakılmaksızın, köpeklerin kedilerden hacim ve ağırlık olarak daha büyük olması başarı oranını azaltmıştır. Operasyon yapılacak vakaların doğru seçilmesinin sonuca önemli derece etki edebileceği ortaya konmuştur.

This study aims to classify radiographically diagnosed pelvic fractures in cats (n = 103) and dogs (n = 80). The pelvic bone resembles a box structurally, and as a result of the trauma of this bone, multiple fractures usually occur. Radiographs of cats and dogs exposed to various traumas were evaluated and classified as ilium, ischium, pubis, acetabulum, sacroiliac luxations and symphysis pubis fractures. The mean age of the cases included in the study was 16.9 months in cats and 19.2 months in dogs. Pelvic fractures were more common in females than males (♀=57.9%, ♂= 42.1%). In this context, it was constituted 18.7% ilium fractures, 12.6% pubis fractures, 18.9% ischial fractures, 11.3% acetabulum fractures, 29.2% sacroiliac luxation and 9% symphysis pelvis fractures of pelvic fractures. As a result, it was revealed that multiple fractures could be seen in traumas taken to the pelvic area and their rates.

Sacroiliac luxations constitute an important part of hip fractures. In the treatment phase, a choice should be made between surgical and conservative treatment. Which treatment option will yield more effective results depends on many variable factors. In the present study, some of these factors were mentioned and their effects on treatment and outcomes were evaluated. A total of 61 cats, 26 female and 35 male, of various breeds and ages, were included in the study. The mean age of the cats included in the study was 16 months. The mean weight of the cats was 2.87 kg. Cases were categorized as ages, ≤6, 7-12, and ≥13 months of age. In addition, the success criteria of etiological causes, luxation type, and concomitant traumas on decision and outcomes were evaluated. Conservative treatment was preferred more in all age groups and success rates were higher than those of surgery. Conservative treatment was preferred in both genders, and the recovery rate was higher in males than that in females. Regardless of the cause of the trauma, more conservative treatment was preferred, and the rate of good recovery was higher in high-rise falls. Even if there was traumatic injury in addition to sacroiliac luxation, conservative treatment was preferred and the rate of good recovery was higher in cases without concomitant traumatic injury. As a result; age, gender, luxation type and concomitant traumatic injury were not statistically significant on treatment choice. However, good recovery was statistically significant in cases without concomitant traumatic injury.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcome and mortality of diaphragmatic hernia in cats and present herniorrhaphy results. Diagnostic and surgical data from 25 cats with diaphragmatic hernias were analyzed retrospectively. The cats were between the ages of 2 months and 4 years, included 9 cases of males (5/9 neutered) and 16 cases of females (9/16 spayed). acute cases were 12/25 and chronic cases were 13/25. Diaphragmatic rupture locations were defined according to the points that are determined based on a clockwise scale. Location was classified as multiple in 10 (40 %), ventral in 7 (28 %), right in 5 (20 %), and left in 3 (12 %) cases. The three most frequently herniated organs were small intestine (20, 80 %), liver (16, 64 %), and omentum (15, 60 %). Postoperative survival rates were 83.3 % for acute cases and 69.2 % for chronic. Full recovery was achieved in 19 (76 %) of the cats. Results suggest that the location and size of diaphragm ruptures, the organs herniated, and the presence of concurrent pathologies directly affect mortality. Mortality is higher in cases with concurrent injuries, large diaphragmatic ruptures, and excessively herniated organs.Key words: prognosis; feline diseases; hernia; rupture; survivalHERNIORAFIJA IN KIRURŠKI IZIDI DIAFRAGMALNE KILE PRI MAČKAHIzvleček: Namen te študije je bil ovrednotiti kirurški izid in smrtnost diafragmalne kile pri mačkah ter predstaviti rezultate herniorafije. Retrospektivno smo analizirali diagnostične in kirurške podatke pri 25 mačkah z diafragmalno kilo. Mačke so bile stare od 2 mesecev do 4 let, med njimi je bilo 9 samcev (5/9 kastriranih) in 16 samic (9/16 steriliziranih). Akutnih primerov je bilo 12/25 in kroničnih 13/25. Mesta pretrganja diafragme so bila opredeljena glede na točke, določene na podlagi lestvice v smeri urinega kazalca. Pretrganje je bilo določeno kot večmestno v 10 (40 %) primerih, ventralno v 7 (28 %), desno v  5 (20 %) in levo v 3 (12 %) primerih. Trije najpogosteje vrinjeni organi so bili tanko črevo (20, 80 %), jetra (16, 64 %) in omentum (15, 60 %). Preživetje po operaciji je bilo pri akutnih primerih 83,3 %, pri kroničnih pa 69,2 %. Popolno okrevanje je bilo doseženo pri 19 (76 %) mačkah. Rezultati kažejo, da na umrljivost neposredno vplivajo mesto in velikost raztrganine diafragme, vrinjeni organi in prisotnost sočasnih patologij. Smrtnost je večja pri sočasnih poškodbah, velikih raztrganinah diafragme in prekomernem vrinjenju organov.Ključne besede: prognoza; bolezni mačk; kila; raztrganina; preživetje