Bovine gallstone (BGS) has been suggested to be used in the treatment of many diseases including neoplastic maladies in traditional medicine. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating the possible protective effects of BGS in mice colon tumor model. In the experiment, 8 week-old 30 male BALB/c mice weighing 25-30 g were randomly allocated into control group (n=6), tumor group ((n=6; tumor induced by 1,2- dimethylhydrazine? [DMH]), BGS>DMH group (n=6; BGS given prior to DMH challenge), BGS//DMH group (n=6; simultaneous administration of BGS and DMH) and DMH>BGS group (n=6; tumor induced by DMH then BGS given). Colonic tumor was induced by weekly subcutaneous injection of DMH at a 20 mg/kg/mouse dose for consequetive 11 weeks. BGS preparations were given to mice cyclically. Atypical cryptic foci formation in the colon was examined by histopathological staining. The lowest rate of colon tumor was noted in BGS>DMH group where BGS was given prior to tumor challenge. In addition simultaneous administration of DMH and BGS to mice inhibited tumor formation and development more significantly than those in other groups (except for BGS>DMH group). It was concluded that BGS significantly prevented colonic tumor formation if given to subjects before or during tumor challenge however, therapeutic capacity of BGS was not promising in this study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of myrtus communis extract (MCE) against renal I/R injury.Materials and methods: 36 adult males Wistar albino rats, weighing 250-300 g, were divided into six groups of six rats each. Group 1 was designated as the sham group. Group 2 was designated as the control one. MCE was administered via gastric gavage over a period of 10 days, dosed at 0.1 mL/kg/day in the third group, 0.2 mL/kg/day in the fourth group, 0.3 mL/kg/day in the fifth group, and 0.5 mL/kg/day in the sixth group. On the 10th day, the I/R procedure was performed. Results:The pathological examination showed that the formation of hyaline cylinders in the tubular lumen was significantly higher in the control group when compared to the others (p<0.05). Glomerular Bowman space enlargement was statistically significantly lower in groups 5 and 6 compared with the controls (p<0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), IL-6, matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), hydroxyproline, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and total oxidant status (TOS) were found to be increased in the control group when compared with the others (p<0.05), while a statistically significant reduction was seen in the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p<0.05).Conclusions: MCE protected kidney tissue against I/R injury. This result was most likely due to the antioxidant properties of MCE. MCE is a promising natural substance for preventing I/R damage.