Abstract:As a result of increasing environmental concerns/legislative pressure for dumping of non-biodegradable plastics in landfills and rapid increases in the cost of petroleum, the development of "environmental friendly" materials has attracted extensive interest. Recently, bioplastics are one of the most innovative environmental friendly materials developed. This review paper is intended to provide information about alternative to conventional plastics for the betterment of earth environment. They have some advantages such as lower carbon footprint, independence, energy efficiency, and eco-safety. For the sustainability, recycling systems and production technology may be developed for bioplastics and by-product should be used for their production. It is concluded that the use of bioplastics will help in sustainability and national development thus, making the environment less overwhelmed with greenhouse gases and reduction of waste biomas. And finally recommended by the reviewers that use of biomas for plastics production should be embraced especially those found to be biodegradable and use of petroplastics be incapacitated.

Bio-based polymers have become feasible alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in interest in biodegradable materials for use in packaging, agriculture, medicine, and other areas. Polymers form the backbones of plastic materials, and are continually being employed in an expanding range of area. As a result, many researchers are investing time into modifying traditional materials to make them more user-friendly, and into designing novel polymer composites out of naturally occurring materials. A number of biological materials may be incorporated into biodegradable polymer materials, with the most common being starch and fiber extracted from various types of plants. The belief is that biodegradable polymer materials will reduce the need for synthetic polymer production (thus reducing pollution) at a low cost, thereby producing a positive effect both environmentally and economically. This paper is intended to provide a brief outline of work that is under way in the area of biodegradable polymer research and development. Citation: Ibrahim MS, Sani N, Adamu M, et al. Biodegradable polymers for sustainable environmental and economic development. MOJ Biorg Org Chem.

Heavy metals are natural compounded elements occurring in the environment and different in concentrations along the earth crust. Source of these elements in water and soils mainly include natural occurrence derived from parent materials and anthropogenic activities. Pollution by heavy metals is still a serious problem due to their toxicity and ability to accumulate in the biota, and causes various health problems in humans and animals. This paper discussed the effects and sources of heavy metals as well as phytoremediation techniques. Phytoremediation techniques or strategies seem to be a prosperous way to remediate heavy metals-contaminated environment (water, soil air and others. It has some advantage compared with other used or available physical and chemical process or conventional strategies. There are several factors that must be considered in order achieved a high performance of remediation result, and the most crucial factors is a suitable plant species which can be used to uptake the contaminant. Although, phytoremediation techniques seems to be the most efficient, but it has some limitations.

The environmental impacts of waste disposal of polyethylene bags and seasonal variation of polyethylene disposal in Gusau City of Zamfara state, Nigeria was investigated. General public waste disposals from homes, schools and daily markets, were randomly selected for data collection. The data showed that polyethylene waste is generated more in the dry season than the wet season. The result also showed that table water sachet has 75% disposal. This is because, sachet water is cheap and consumed throughout the year with very little seasonal variation while at homes and markets also, displayed a very interesting pattern. The study revealed that in the market, polyethylene for table water sachets (10%) was the least, followed by ice cream sachets (6%), assorted items (5%) and biscuits wrappers (4%). On the other hand, the results showed that, at home, polyethylene for assorted items was the highest (61%), closely followed by biscuit wrappers (20%), table water sachets (14%) and ice cream wrappers (5%) respectively. Polyethylene waste poses various threats to public health and adversely affects flora and fauna as well as the environment especially when it is not appropriately collected and properly disposed. And based on this research, it was found that most of the public do not know the advantages, disadvantages and the health effects of rampant and improper disposal of polyethylene bags. It is concluded that aggressive campaign and enlightenment of the masses on the threats posed by polyethylene bags pollution should be carried out to prevent further negative environmental impact.

Science education which is the application of educational (learning) theories in the endless search for knowledge, resulting in the development of the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains through some systematic processes involving careful observation, deduction and testing by empirical means is a sure tool for the promotion of development of any state. This is because the application of its knowledge will enable its beneficiaries to solve the ever occurring challenges of life in society. One of the fundamental principles in National Policy on Education is to engender knowledge, effort, skill and well-being of citizens for national development. Entrepreneurship, Science and Technology Education in Nigeria incorporates industrial development, provide institutional framework for economic efficiency and reduce technological dependence on developed nations. In spite of this, its proper development in the country appears elusive due to the government underfunding of the entire education sector resulting in the non-actualization of the its science education dreams in the country,. This paper highlights the concept of Entrepreneurship, science and technology education, self-reliance for sustainable development, strategies for enhancing science and technology, and recommendations for the enhancement of science and technology for self-actualization.