The increased role of the sub-optimal land to support food security continue to be encouraged in Indonesia, given the more limited expansion for potential land. But until recently, development of sub-optimal land becomes not an easy thing. Ecological and technical barriers became the main issue. A series of these issues resulted in a high number of underemproleymeny and poverty in agriculture region. Technological inovation of agriculture and the business diversification can be seen be the solution to those issues. This research aims to analyze the impact of the technological innovation and business diversification on underemployment, working time, household income and also sustainable livelihoods of farmers on the sub-optimal land. The research was carried out in Pemulutan District, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The objects of research are farmers which adopter and non adopter technological innovation, and also work outside of paddy farming (business diversification). The research method is the survey. Method of sampling is stratified random sampling. Data obtained in the field analyses using descriptive statistics and inferesia. The results showed there are positive impact of technological innovation on the allocation of working time farmer households, the numbers underemployment, household income and livelihood sustainability. Determinant factors for farmers in applying technology and business diversification are paddy farming income, offfarm income, and age. The use of technology and business diversification proves to be one of the positive scenarios for sustainable livelihood of farmers in sub-optimal land.

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Adriani D, Wildayana E, Alamsyah I, Minha A. 2019. Performance and determinants of farmers in  adoption decision of innovation for swamps rice cropping system in South Sumatra. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):181-191. The development of food crops in swamplands became one of  main focus of the government in the development of rice farming in Indonesia. A variety of ecological constraints that accompany the development of agriculture in swamp land overcome by a variety of technological innovations, one of which is with the application of Cropping Index 200 (CI 200) technology. After nearly 5 years of CI 200 technology applied on swamp land is considered necessary for analysis related to the performance of socio-economic of farmers in the adoption of technology innovations CI 200. This study aimed to analyze the socio-economic condition of farmers in adopting IP 200 technology innovation, and analyze the determinants of IP 200 technology adoption decisions. Research was using the survey method and has been carried out in 2 districts, namely Tanjung Lago sub-District, Banyuasin District and Pemulutan sub-District, Ogan Ilir District in June-July 2019. Sampling method used disproportionate stratified random sampling. The analysis of the data was using tabulations, mathematical and logistic regression analysis. The results of the analysis showed that there were differences in the performance of the socioeconomy of farmers adopting and not adopting. The performance of the socio-economic of farmers who adopt were better than farmers who did not adopt the technology CI 200. The factors that determine the farmers adopt were the age, education, origin, experience, income, and the cost of farming.

Conversion of land encompasses not only changes inthe use of land for cultivation of food to non-food product but also includes the conversion of land in use to unused land. Changes in the management of water in the area of agro-ecosystem in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) District has resulted in a change of use of paddy swampy land. Research was aimed :1) to analyze the differences in the income of farmers of rice due to the changes management water in the area of agro-ecosystems; and 2) to analyze the level of welfare of the rice farmers after adapting to the current environmental conditions. Research was carried out in the Belanti Village, Sirah Pulau Padang District, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Location was selected purposively as the village was exposed to routine annual flood since 2008. The farmers has experinced crop and harvest failure, despite the fact that it has served as rice granary since 1992. As survey method with structured questionaires was applied in this research. Sampling was conducted purposively against 42 rice farmers who experienced crop failure. The primary and secondary data were collected and then subjected to land rent value analysis and t-test analysis. Results showed that: 1) changes in water management have reduced household income of farmers by 50.06%; and 2) the level of welfare of rice farmers is still low even though they have made adaptation efforts. To improve the quality of living for farmers affected by flooding, there is a need for integrated cooperation between the government of the country, palm plantation companies, and farmers.

This paper explores roles and interests of stakeholders in scaling up purun woven agroindustry as an alternative livelihood for people on peatlands. If the agroindustry serve well, purun plants on peatlands would be preserved and tension to burn peatland for other economic purposes is reduced. This research was conducted through a survey in Menang Raya Village, Pedamaran District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Samples were purposively taken involving purun artisans and ten institutions related to the agroindustry. Analysis employed Importance Performance Analysis. Stakeholders were facilitators, regulators, implementers, evaluators, and advocators. Several interests were identified, namely economic, social, political, and environmental interests. Key stakeholders were Provincial Forestry Service, National dan Regional Peatland Restoration Agency, and local NGOs. Stakeholders were empowered by District Cooperatives and MSMEs Office, Provincial and Regional Planning Development Agency, Universities, and International NGOs. Follower stakeholders involved local communities. The form of partnership between stakeholders and the purun woven industry was mutualistic. The results suggested that doable strengthening strategies for scaling up purun woven agroindustry were (1) regulatory formulation, (2) strengthening the role of stakeholders, and (3) institutional structuring.