GOO is one of the most common gastric complications of corrosive ingestion that may require surgical treatment. Prevention of corrosive ingestion has great importance to avoid such complications.

US can be used routinely in the pre-operative diagnosis of inguinal hernia in children. PPV values higher than 4 mm, with a high accuracy indicate hernia.

Transverse testicular ectopia is a rare malformation in which both testes are placed in the same inguinal region. Most of the patients are diagnosed incidentally during inguinal exploration. We here report three cases of transverse testicular ectopia and discuss the causes of delayed and incidental diagnosis of this infrequent malformation. Although the mean age at presentation was reported as 4 years, the mean age of our patients was 7.7 months. We detected the contralateral testis in the inguinal canal in all of our patients preoperatively. The most important diagnostic criteria are to be aware of this rare malformation and getting suspicious in patients with one side inguinal hernia and an empty hemiscrotum on the other side. It is essential to perform an ultrasound scan in patients with such a clinical presentation.

PurposeSince laparoscopic appendectomy was first described, various modifications, such as single port incisionless-intracorporeal conventional equipment-endoscopic surgery (SPICES), have been described for reducing pain and improving cosmetic results. In the retrocecal and retrocolic positions, attachments to the lateral peritoneum and cecum may lead to difficulties during SPICES, which is performed with only one port. Here, we present the effects of variations in the position of the vermiform appendix in treating acute appendicitis with SPICES.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 52 children who underwent SPICES for acute appendicitis between March 2010 and November 2011 in our institution. One group (group A) consisted of 30 patients (mean age, 10.5 ± 2.5 years) with retrocecal appendix, while the other group (group B) included 22 patients (mean age, 10.9 ± 2.3 years) with the appendix lying free in the peritoneal cavity.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups in terms of patient age, gender, success rate of SPICES, mean operating time, mean follow-up period, overall complication rates or mean postoperative hospitalization period.ConclusionThese results suggest that SPICES is a safe and feasible approach even in patients with retrocecal acute appendicitis.

The development of the breast begins during the 32 nd week of gestation and it can be palpated in many newborns. Its mean diameter, at birth, is eight milim.eter. The development of the breast lasts after birth and it can reach 14-20 mm. in diameter at the 2-3 weeks. However, it shrinks in several months and breast is quiescent until puberty. At the babies wich bom at the proper time, generally the breast are seen larger. These neonatal breasts can secrete a cloudy milk-like fluid. The cause of these development and secretion is matemal and fetal hormones like that estrogens, progesterons, cortisons, growth hormone and prolactin. However, neonatal gynecomastia and bloody nipple discharge are seen very rare. At this issue an eighteen months old baby with bloody nipple discharge is reported.