ÖZETİthalat ve ihracat bir ekonominin büyüme oranlarının temel belirleyicilerindendir. Bu nedenle bu konu hakkında literatürde ilişkinin varlığını ortaya koyan birçok teorik ve ampirik çalışma yer almaktadır. Fakat ilişkinin yönü konusunda bir fikir birliği söz konusu değildir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de ihracat, ithalat ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi 1998Ç2-2017Ç4 dönemi çeyreklik veriler kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişki Hacker ve Hatemi-J (2012) bootstrap nedensellik analizi ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin zamana bağlı olarak değişeceği varsayımı altında zamanla değişen nedensellik analizi ile incelenmiştir.

In the 21st century, there has been complex competition among states for global power. In this regard, states are often observed to confront each other. Globalization in the post-Cold War era led to technological transformation, which brought along radical changes in the competition for global hegemony. In the context of competition for power, the relations between the US and China as two world powers have remarkable characteristics. From this perspective, this study is designed to understand the recent competition between the US and China in comparison with the classical competition during the Cold War. In this vein, the study introduces the concept of Hybrid Cold War and focuses on conventional and non-conventional factors that stand out in the US-China competition. The qualitative research method is adopted in the study and document analysis is used as a data collection technique. In addition, content analysis is benefited as a data analysis technique. In addition to propounding the concept of Hybrid Cold War, the study endeavors to define the ambiguous features of the new era in a conceptual framework. In consequence, this research argues that the US-China competition has entered a new era where conventional and non-conventional methods are used together, increasing the probability of conflict.

In this study, European Union’s general migration policy is studied. Also, immigrants in European Union and their problem are mentioned. This study is studied by explanatory approach and literature review method. The problem during the research is that there is not much source about problems of immigrants in European Union. European Union’s policy on immigrants in European Union is based on controlling and integration. Controlling is possible via legal migration. Integration is possible via fill the gaps between cultures. As a brief, common problems of immigrants (asylum seeker, refugee, kids of refugees) in European Union are these: problems because illegal entrance, problem of reaching to education, reaching to health service problem and assimilation problem.

This study elaborates on the European Union’s (EU) Balkan policies evaluating the developments in the Western Balkans from the post-Cold War era until today. In addition, the study will tackle the EU policies and practices in the Western Balkans on the basis of the principles of the domino theory. In this context, the EU believes that destabilisation due to conflicts in former Yugoslavia after disintegration has also destabilised other countries in the region in domino effect. This situation means both the region and the EU will encounter security threat. In this regard, the study dwells upon EU policies in the region to provide financial aid in an attempt to ensure development and sustainability which will foster stability on the basis of the assumption that these countries in the region will be accepted to the EU as member countries after ensuring stability.

The purpose of this article is to analyse the invasion of Iraq in 2003 and its repercussions for humanity from the perspective of Human Security. In addition, the aim is to focus on the international systemic problems in the UN on the basis of Human Security. The Human Security approach is expected to bring new insights both to the analysis of what happened to Iraq and its people and how the ‘noble’ aims of the US invasion brought about just the opposite outcomes. It is argued that Iraqis and the country’s future should be thought in the context of Human Security rather than abstract ideals of democratisation and emancipation.