Rhabdomyolysis is a myopathy characterized by severe acute myonecrosis with lysis of muscle cells and extravasation of its content into the bloodstream, causing a secondary renal failure and myoglobinuria. Case-reports have been documented in a wide range of wild or domestic animal species, but to our knowledge, no reports in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) have been done. Three animals had signs of paralysis, muscle tremors and myoglobinuria while others died spontaneously. Samples of blood from affected animals showed increased levels of creatin kinase (CK), potassium (K), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, Selenium (Se) levels of those animals were low. Necropsy findings consisted of severe gelatinous and yellowish edema and pallor of the skeletal muscles of the hind limbs, lumbar, cervical and scapular region. Microscopically, acute and severe segmental monophasic coagulative necrosis of skeletal muscles and acute pigmentary tubular nephrosis was observed. We suspect that selenium deficiency was a predisposing factor of rhabdomyolysis in this particular case.

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La dictiocaulosis o bronquitis verminosa es ocasionada por Dictyocaulus viviparus, un nematode de ciclo de vida directo, y está asociada mayormente a brotes de enfermedad clínica en bovinos jóvenes en su primera temporada de pastoreo. El presente trabajo describe dos brotes de bronquitis verminosa que provocó la mortandad de entre el 13,6 y el 15,7% de dos rodeos de vacas de cría de establecimientos de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. En ambos brotes, los hallazgos clínico-patológicos en los animales afectados y la presencia de nematodes pulmonares, en algunos casos solo observados en el estudio histopatológico, permitieron confirmar este diagnóstico.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one the most frequently occurring clinical problem in weaned calves after their arrival at the feedlot. Infectious pneumonia usually has complex causes, involving several microorganisms. Mycoplasma is frequently detected in BRD, especially Mycoplasma bovis. This work reports the first local isolation of M. bovis from feedlot calves with pneumonia and polyarthritis in Argentina. Twenty four out of 545 calves showed progressive, subacute to chronic respiratory distress, coughing, and fever. Thirty percent of the affected calves also showed lameness and swelling of elbow or carpal, and knee or tarsal joints. Five necropsies were performed and severe multifocal to coalescent pulmonary nodules, containing white-yellowish caseous exudate encircled by fibrous tissue, and fibrinonecrotic arthritis and tenosynovitis were detected. Mycoplasma was isolated from lung and joint samples. The 16S-23S rRNA ITS consensus sequence obtained from these isolates showed 100 % similarity with the same region of M. bovis strains. This work should alert practitioners about the presence of mycoplasma infections as the cause of BRD in the region. Since there are no commercially available vaccines in the region for the prevention and control of M. bovis pneumonia and arthritis, surveillance is a priority to reduce the source of disease to naïve animals.