Xylopia emarginata Mart. is a typical species of gallery forests, characterized by its tolerance to strong water saturation, becoming a potential species for the recovery of riparian ecosystems, thus, evaluating the germination process of this species is of great importance, as it covers technical knowledge about the production of seedlings used in the revegetation of degraded areas. Some seeds have dormancy requiring techniques to accelerate germination. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of ultrasound bathing on germination and conductivity of the spécies Xylopia emarginata Mart. The seeds were subjected to different immersion times (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 minutes) in an ultrasonic bath (45 kHz) in distilled water and placed in BOD at 25 ºC to evaluate the electrical conductivity of the solution (50 ml). Then, they were placed to germinate in trays with vermiculite under environmental laboratory conditions for 60 days, to evaluate the percentage of final germination. 30 seeds were used for each of the 6 repetitions. The analysis of variance showed no significant effect (p> 0.05) of the ultrasonic bath on the conductivity and germination of Xylopia emarginata Mart. Seeds, obtaining an average conductivity of 173.32 µS cm-1 at 25 ºC and germination average of 24.27%.

Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is an important species for several sectors, industrial, food, landscape, among others, which uses parts of the plant or the entire plant. It is an underresearched species, although it has significant economic value for small-scale farmers. The substrate is one of the sources that directly influence the production of a perennial species that need to present good characteristics to ensure a quality seedling. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the babassu stem decomposed in the formulation of substrates for the production of annatto seedlings. The study was carried out a shading screen with 75% permeability to light. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of substrates based on babassu stem decomposed (BSD), in the following proportions: S0: 100% soil; S20: 20% BDS + 80% soil; S40: 40% BDS + 60% soil; S60: 60% BDS + 40% soil; S80: 80% BDS + 20% soil; S100: 100% BDS. At 90 days after sowing (DAS), an evaluation of seedling growth variables was performed. A difference was found between the procedures for all the variables analyzed. There was a difference between treatments for all variables analyzed. The substrate constituted of 60% babassu stem decomposed is the most appropriate for the production of taller annatto seedlings.