No abstract

Multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli associated infections remains one of the most bacterial infections that have contributed significantly to increased morbidity and mortality in clinical settings. One of the known resistant mechanisms of MDR bacteria is reduced cell wall permeability, which is controlled by outer membrane protein OmpF and OmpC. This study evaluates the difference in molecular weight of outer membrane protein of MDR E. coli isolated from UTI and diarrhoeic patients in Zaria, Nigeria and antibiotic susceptible ATCC29522 strain using standard microbiological and molecular techniques. Eighty seven (87) confirmed E. coli isolates from UTI and diarrhoeic patients in selected hospitals in Zaria, Nigeria were evaluated for MDR using 15 antibiotics commonly prescribed for E. coli associated infections. The results showed that the 21 suspected multidrug isolates were 100% susceptible to Imipenem and Amikacin, and 71.4 % susceptible to Nitrofurantoin but highly (100%) resistant to Amoxicillin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefpodoxime and Ceftaxime, 95.2% resistant to Cefpirome, 85.7% to Tetracycline and Sulphamethonidazole-Trimethroprim, 76.2% to Gentamicine, 66.7% to Chloramphenicol, 61.9% to Aztreonam and 57.1% to Ceftriaxone. Cell wall protein evaluation using SDS-PAGE showed that both the MDR isolates and susceptible strain had equal OmpC bands at 38kDa while the OmpF varied from one MDR isolate to another compared with the ATCC29522 used as control. This study contributes to other findings that a decrease in cell wall outer protein OmpF could contribute to high resistance to antibiotics.

No abstract

The wide spread of Methicillin resistance gene calls for concern even in livestock. The epidemiological and antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus in poultry farms in Zaria, Nigeria was carried out in this study, due to the increasing resistance to antibiotics associated with S. aureus in poultry birds. In this study, 250 samples of chicken droplets were collected from five different poultry farms (50 samples from each farm) within Zaria metropolis. Eighty eight (88) isolates of S. aureus were confirmed using standard microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates against 8 antibiotics showed that the isolates have varying antibiotics susceptibility pattern. The isolates (41.2%) were observed to be resistant to Methicillin and produced β-lactamase while 44.3% were classified as multidrug resistant. The result also showed high MIC value of Oxacillin (≥64 µg/ml) and Vancomycine (4 µg/ml) against the Methicillin resistant isolates. The MARI result showed that 60% of the isolates had MAR index of ≥0.4; indicating that these isolates have been pre-exposed to the antibiotics used in this study. This study showed high incidence of S. aureus with antibiotics resistance among poultry birds in Zaria, Nigeria, and calls for antibiotic surveillance and education of the poultry farm workers to curb the wide spread of resistance gene, which could be transferred in zoonotic diseases.