The aim: To formulate criminalistic recommendations to increase the effectiveness of combating falsification and contribution of falsified medicines. To accomplish analyze of the current state and trends in combating this criminal offense, to create the basis of criminalistic characteristics and methods of their investigation, taking into account the results of the generalization of judicial investigative practice and foreign experience. Materials and methods: The examine and analysis of results and generalization of 128 criminal proceedings of such criminal offenses, court decisions for the period 2012- 2020; questionnaires of practical workers (205 people); results of generalization and analysis of published materials of investigative and judicial practice; foreign experience in combating falsification of medicines, etc. In the process of conducting this research, general scientific and special research methods were also used. Results: Based on the results of the generalization of investigative and judicial practice, a criminalistic description of falsification and contribution of falsified medicines in the form of descriptive and statistical information model has been developed, its elemental composition was determined and analysed. Reasonable that in theoretical terms criminalistic characteristics are the basis for building appropriate criminalistic methods, and in practical terms is considered as a kind of guideline that can be successfully used by investigators in the conduct of specific criminal proceedings, which allows choosing the most effective directions and means of investigation. Conclusions: One of the priority areas of research in criminalistics is the development of criminalistic characteristics and basics of investigation methods of falsification and contribution of falsified medicines, which must be carried out on the basis of the modern general theory of criminalistics, current legislation and practice, results of generalizationand analysis of investigator of judicial practice and foreign experience.

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The article explores the problems of detecting features of falsification and trafficking of counterfeit medicines and the beginning of criminal proceedings. The purpose of the article is to study the criminalistic nature and significance of the beginning of criminal proceedings as a structural element of the crime  investigation methodology, to determine the features of the beginning of the investigation of falsification and trafficking of counterfeit medicines and to determine their influence on the effectiveness of pre-trial investigation of this category of crimes. It is substantiated that the systematization of the characteristics of the crime under investigation should be carried out according to the criterion of reason for entering information in the Unified Register of pre-trial investigations. Based on the results of the summarization of the materials of the forensic and investigative practice, special attention should be paid to revealing the signs of the investigated crime from the materials of the operative-search activity, reports of the State Service of Medicines and Drug Control, statements of the victims. This gives grounds to claim that criminal procedural and organizational and tactical features of the beginning of criminal proceedings are essential for the effective investigation of counterfeiting and trafficking of counterfeit medicines. It was established that the specifics of the beginning of the criminal proceedings of the investigated crime, first of all, is manifested in the features of the systematization of signs of falsification or trafficking of counterfeit drugs, the need for the investigator to interact with the State Drug Service and drug control, which is due to the regulatory system of pharmaceutical activity in Ukraine. Based on the specifics of the crime under investigation, the need to highlight the identification of the characteristics of the crime in question and the features of the initiation of pre-trial investigation as an independent structural element of the forensic methodology of investigating falsification and trafficking of counterfeit medicines is substantiated.