ECG machines should be calibrated and tested to assure their accuracy. IEC 60601-2-25 standard described signals for calibrating ECG amplitudes and frequencies. The problem was this standard does not clearly describe the formulas of the calibration signals nor the complete database of these signals. The aim of this study was to get a database of ECG calibration signals for testing based on IEC 60601-2-25 standard clause 201.12.1.101. Data were constructed with a series of sinus function in Matlab software to simulate P, Q, R, S, and T segments. The data were visually and statistically compared with the data from commercial CTS database. Data were constructed for 3 different lead of 12 ECG calibration data. Four ECG calibration data with elevation or depletion ST segment were excluded from this study. This study demonstrated that these ECG calibration signals were slightly visually different and statically had differences in some of S wave and most of T wave. This data can be used by designers or manufactures, but for the testing laboratory is recommended using a commercial product.

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This paper will consider the use of IGBTs in solid state circuit breakers (SSCB). An optimisation process which produces a better structure of IGBT for use in this application is also presented. Advanced 2D device physical simulations show that the use of a charge storage structures is effective in maintaining the trade-off between important characteristics for SSCB. The optimised structure provides an IGBT with a better on-state performance, a maintained forward blocking capability, and a satisfactory switching performance.

This paper presents an optimised power semiconductor architecture based on the CIGBT approach to be used in solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) applications where the conduction losses have to be as low as possible without compromising the forward voltage blocking capability. Indeed, a high overcurrent turn-off and shortcircuit withstand capabilities have to be ensured. Starting from a standard NPT-IGBT design for switching applications, the results show that the proposed device, which is optimised by the application of the individual clustered concept, offers a reduction in conduction losses of 13%, without compromise on voltage blocking capability. An original design solution is implemented to further ensure short-circuit and overload turn-off capabilities at maximum ambient temperature and twice the nominal rated current.

The quality of medical devices is an important thing to establish the anamnesis, diagnosis and also treatment of patient. Arterial pressure measurement as one of the first indicators in the Hypertension Management Guidelines requires the accuracy as well as their function. Error in the detection of blood pressure should not occur during measurement because the errors will also make failure in determining the diagnosis and therapy for hypertensive patient, related on their hypertensive classification. Clinicians requires accurate medical measurement in order to monitor patients, diagnose diseases and deliver treatments. The failure of detection will certainly have diverse effects. Preliminary studies have shown that differences in results that are generated by two types of blood pressure devices, aneroid sphygmomanometers and digital blood pressure. The differences between both devices are 2-11, 6 mmHg for Systolic and 0.8 - 10.3 mmHg for diastolic. This differences led a new insight to the accuracy of blood pressure devices that are widely used in medical circles and the critical value of the accuracy of the sphygmomanometer can be the basis for determining clinical blood pressure classification. Therefore, it is necessary for medical staff to get information about the accuracy of blood pressure devices and its critical parameters in determining blood pressure, it is also necessary for a regulation on a blood pressure classification based on the type and level of accuracy of measuring instruments.