Salah satu<strong> </strong>tanaman asli Indonesia yang sudah dimanfaatkan secara empiris sebagai antiseptik, antikanker dan menyembuhkan infeksi adalah sirih merah. Aktivitas ini berasal dari senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan minyak atsiri. Sirih merah diekstraksi purifikasi untuk menghilangkan zat-zat ballast yang dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan metabolit sekunder dalam menghasilkan aktivitas biologis. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui potensi antioksidan dan antibakteri ekstrak terpurifikasi daun sirih merah. Potensi antioksidan diuji dengan metode DPPH (<em>1,1 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl</em>) yang menghasilkan nilai IC₅₀. Potensi antibakteri diuji melalui metode difusi sumuran. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak menunjukkan nilai IC₅₀ 53,91 ppm. Hasil uji potensi antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa adanya hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis </em>ATCC<em> </em>12228 pada konsentrasi ekstrak 50% dan 100%. Kesimpulan dari studi penelitian ini adalah ekstrak memiliki potensi antioksidan yang kuat dan antibakteri<em>.</em>

Flavonoids and phenolics are compounds with hydroxyl groups (-OH) bound to aromatic rings which enable them to react with reactive oxygen species and eliminate free radical activity. Single bulb garlic (Allium sativum var. solo garlic) is known to have antioxidant activity which comes from the phenolic groups. This study aims to determine the correlation of total flavonoid and phenolic levels with the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from single bulb garlic grown in Magetan and Tawangmangu regions. This study included an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. Total flavonoid levels were measured by colorimetric method and total phenolic levels were measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method using Spectrophotometry UV-Vis. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH method at a wavelength of 517 nm. The data analysis used was multiple linear regression. The results showed that the extract of single bulb garlic from Magetan had total flavonoids of 12.1833 ± 0.1943 mg QE/gram, total phenolics of 70.244 mg GAE/gram, and antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 20,216 ppm. The extract of single bulb garlic from Tawangmangu contained total flavonoids of 14.4833 ± 0.5911 mg QE/gram, total phenolics of 92.222 mg GAE/gram, and antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 13.777 ppm. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant correlation of total flavonoid and total phenolic content with antioxidant activity.

Stimulant is an agent that stimulates the central nervous system thereby increasing physical and mental abilities and minimizing fatigue. The use of synthetic caffeine stimulants of 10 mg / kg BW is known to have side effects of increasing total cholesterol and increasing LDL, therefore alternative stimulants from natural ingredients are needed. Natural materials that have been studied contain flavonoids and phenolic as a stimulant compound is a single garlic bulbs. The purpose of this study was to determine the stimulant effect of a single garlic bulbs ethanolic extract on mice from the difference in swimming time. The research experimental used Pre test and Post test control design. Sample of this research used mice which were divided into 6 groups. Group 1 pretest dose 5 g / kgBB, group 2 (negative control), group 3 (caffeine), group 4 extract dose 5g / kgBB, group 5 dose 10g / kgBB and group 6 dose 20g / kgBB. Data was analyze using one way Anova continued with Post Hoc test. The group of single garlic bulb ethanolic extract dose 20 g / kgBB had the highest stimulant effect with 222,722 minutes fatigue time difference and statistically have significant difference (p <0.05) than the negative control group. Group of single garlic bulb extract can influence the time of fatigue of mice by extending the swimming time of mice so that it has a longer fatigue time which means it has a stimulant effect

The students from Faculty of Medicine have academic and non-academic problems that can influence their study. The factors affecting academic performance are learning systems, lecturers, and good infrastructures. One of the infrastructure facilities in Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University (UNISSULA) is a Guidance and Counseling Unit. This unit provides services to develop potential, motivation, interests, and talents of students, as well as a support in alleviating problems so that students can be optimally-developed, problem-free, and successful in their studies. Purpose: to identify the academic and non-academic problems of the students from Faculty of Medicine UNISSULA in 2018. Methods: observational research, simple qualitative and quantitative descriptive. The data were taken from the students from Faculty of Medicine UNISSULA having academic and non-academic problems who took guidance and counseling service in 2018. Findings: In 2018, 135 students from the class of 2010 to 2016 encountered some academic and non-academic issues. Conclusion: The academic problems included the difficulty in understanding lecture material as well as the failure in coping with the lecture modules and learning systems. Meanwhile, the non-academic issues included health, family, place of residence, lack of discipline, signature forgery during class, theft of money, etc.

Introduction: Pyrophen, an amino acid-pyrone derivative isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus strain KARSV04 has been reported to exhibit anticancer effect on T47D cells by inhibiting the growth of the cells and modulate the cell cycle on S phase. Present study, effect of pyrophen in the doxorubicin (Dox) chemotherapy on an in vitro model of breast cancers was studied. Methods: The cytotoxicity of pyrophen, doxorubicin and in combination were evaluated in T47D and MCF-7 cells using MTT assay. Modulation on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Results: Our findings showed that pyrophen did not significantly potentiate Dox-induced cytotoxicity in T47D cells. Adding Dox treated T47D cells with pyrophen at concentration of 9.20 µg/mL induced slight increase of S-phase cell population. This compound induced cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells with IC50 of 70.57 µg/mL. Co-treatment of pyrophen and Dox in MCF-7 cells increased cytotoxicity relative to Dox alone, which was suggested in part due to modulation of cell cycle at G2/M phase and apoptosis. Conclusion: The data suggest different mechanisms of regulation in promoting cell death by two different cell lines in response to administration of pyrophen.u n c o r r e c t e d p r o o f u n c o r r e c t e d p r o o f 2 ÖZAmaç: Aspergillus fumigatus KARSV04'ten izole edilen amino asit-piron türevi olan pirofen, hücrelerin büyümesini engeller ve S fazındaki hücre döngüsünü modüle ederek T47D hücreleri üzerinde antikanser etkisi gösterdiği rapor edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, doksorubisin (Dox) kemoterapisindeki pirofen meme kanseri modelinde "in vitro" modeli üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Metotlar: Pirofen, doksorubisin ve kombinasyon halindeki sitotoksisite, MTT tahlili kullanılarak T47D ve MCF-7 hücrelerinde değerlendirildi. Hücre döngüsü dağılımı ve apoptozis modülasyonu akış sitometrisi ile incelendi. Bulgular: Bulgularımız, pirofen, T47D hücrelerinde Dox kaynaklı sitotoksisiteyi önemli ölçüde artırmadığını gösterdi. Pirofen eklenmesi, 9.20 µg/mL konsantrasyonunda Dox ile muamele edilmiş T47D hücrelerine S-faz hücre popülasyonunda hafif bir artışa neden oldu. Bu bileşik, IC50 70.57 µg/mL olan MCF-7 hücrelerinin sitotoksisitesini tesir etmistir. MCF-7 hücrelerinde pirofen ve Dox'un birlikte işlenmesi, sadece Dox ile karşılaştırıldığında sitotoksisiteyi arttırmıştır; bu, kısmen G2/M fazındaki hücre döngüsünün modülasyonu ve apoptoz nedeniyle önerilmiştir. Sonuç: Veriler, pirofen uygulamasına cevap olarak iki farklı hücre çizgisi tarafından hücre ölümünü teşvik etmede farklı düzenleme mekanizmaları olduğunu göstermektedir.