Verbal violence is a kind of activity in which not all people realize that they are doing violation or being violated verbally. Usually, the verbal violation is regarded as something common because it is the right of husband to scold his wife with whatever the ways. Even, the society just look and let such violation occur. What husband does toward the wife is under the domain of the household. Nobody may interfere. Such way of thinking makes the perpetrators tyrannize. They courageously violate the wives. Nothing to be afraid. This brings about the phenomena of verbal violation like an iceberg. The violations look small but in fact many women become the victims. These women seem helpless. They mostly keep and recover the pain by themselves. The actions of verbal violence are due by several factors. This paper is aimed at describing the psychopragmatic factors of the domestic verbal violation toward women in DKI Jakarta. As the capital city of Indonesia, the verbal violence might occur in every part in many countries in ASEAN. However, the cases are not revealed yet. This writing may be one indication and consideration for the public and policy maker how to save women (wives) from the violence. The research was conducted in DKI Jakarta The data were taken by having interview, note-taking, and recording. The respondent are 15 women (victims of violence), 20 members of society, the government, and community leaders. The data are analyzed by using the Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence and concept or psycho-pragmatic. Having analyzed the data, it is found that there are at least four general psychopragmatics factors of the action of verbal violence toward women. They are 1) from the perpetrator; 2) from the victims; 3) family; and 4) environment.
DKI Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia bears in very complex problems. The problems are not only related to the economy but also social aspects. One of them is the violation toward women. Among many kinds of violation toward women, verbal one is very hard to be identified since it left nothing physically. This article is aimed at describing the verbal violation experienced by women in DKI Jakarta. The research is conducted in three areas in Jakarta, Jakarta Timur, Jakarta Selatan, and Jakarta Barat. There are 50 wives and widow as the victims of violation to be the respondents. The data are any utterances uttered by (ex) husbands categorized as a violation. Note-taking, recording, and interviewing is done to collect the data. Referential and pragmatic identity method related to the concept of proposed by Smith (2012) is used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis is presented narratively and descriptively. Having analyzed the data, it is found that there are two general forms of verbal violation suffered by women in DKI Jakarta. They are 1) verbal action-(a) intimidation and (b)being called by indecent addressee and 2) non-verbal action-(a)being isolated from friends, family, and society; (b)being gazed at; (c) being ignored.
Language disorder is one of communication impairment which can be treated by using language therapy. The research aims to formulate therapy based on a linguistic approach which can be applied to the patient of language disorder. The method used is a behavioral therapy method which is one of language therapy (logopedia) method that can be applied to improve communication skill for an adult who has an expressive and receptive impairment. The model is designed to improve linguistic behaviour for an adult with expressive and receptive aphasia by focusing on functional communication. The results show that aphasic patients are significant improvement of phonological and lexical accuracy. In the last mouth of the third-mount stage of speech therapy, the intended meaning can be identified by the patient based on the speech act. The progress indicates the improvement of the patient's skill in communication. Almost 87% of 50 speech situations used in the test shows improvement in pronunciation and word accuracy. The result is based on the numbers of phonological, lexical, and semantic error during the application of behaviour therapy model. Furthermore, it is also supported by the normal direction of speaking and phonological accuracy which can be inferred from stimulus trial and speech analyzer of the patients.
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