The study focuses on the financing of infrastructure projects using municipal bonds. Originality of the research. The article considers a set of measures designed to activate the process of attracting investment in infrastructure at the municipal level using bonds. The parameters of securities issues of concessionaires were studied, and the experience of managing municipalities with securities as an element of debt policy was analyzed. Research result. The results of the research can be useful both in developing the financial policy of the state management of spatial development at the national and regional levels, and in conducting further research on the activation of the investment process in Kazakhstan at the municipal level.
The approach developed for Oklahoma City evaluates a total year of simulated rainfall based on historical precipitation patterns. The typical year time series rainfall was used by Oklahoma City to identify an acceptable level of protection and risk. It was also possible to define different levels of protection to different parts of the wastewater collection system and evaluate seasonal collection system performance. This is a robust analysis which uses local precipitation patterns and can be readily duplicated for any geographic location. Most importantly perhaps, it puts the decision of acceptable level of protection and risk firmly into the hands of the wastewater collection system owner.
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