Waha Tourism Community (WTC) adalah objek wisata bahari berbasis konservasi dan dikelola oleh masyarakat. Peningkatan aktivitas wisatawan diprediksi dapat berdampak pada jumlah timbulan sampah. Selain itu, pesisir WTC juga sering mendapatkan sampah kiriman di laut pada waktu tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan jumlah timbulan sampah laut dan sampah daratan serta merekomendasikan alternatif sistem pengeloahan sampah berkelanjutan di WTC. Pengukuran timbulan dan komposisi sampah menggunakan metode CSIRO, sedangkan metode analisis menggunakan IWM2. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa timbulan sampah laut lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan sampah daratan dengan perbandingan 5:1 (45,8 : 9,1 kg/hari). Komposisi sampah laut terdiri dari 81,6% organik; 5,5% sterofoam; 3,1% plastik keras; 3,5% plastik lunak; 2,6% logam; 0,4 % kaca; 1,4% karet; 0,3% kain; 1,1% kertas; dan 0,5% lainnya. Komposisi sampah daratan terdiri dari dari 63,6% organik; 13,2% plastik keras; 9,9% plastik lunak; 2,2% logam; 2,2% kaca; 4,1% karet; 2,7% kertas; dan 2,1% lainnya. Berdasarkan komposisi sampah di kawasan WTC, maka sistem pengelolaan sampah yang paling sesuai yaitu proses daur ulang, pengolahan biologis, dan membawa residu ke TPA dengan efisiensi emisi udara dan pencemaran air masing-masing sebesar 1.570.398 gr CO2/tahun; 1.571.177 gr CH4/tahun; 34.601.010 gr GWP/tahun; 7.088 gr BOD/tahun; 12.146 gr COD/tahun; dan 792 gr SS/tahun.
COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 2, 2020. Several actions have been taken, such as limiting population mobility and prohibiting almost all activities that can be avoided. This policy has environmental consequences, especially the amount of solid waste generation. This study provides a view of the effect of COVID-19 on the amount of solid waste generation and composition in coastal settlements, the impact on air quality which has implications for climate change, and provides the most efficient solid waste management solution. Measurement of solid waste data using SNI 19-3964-1994 and air emissions analysis using the IWM2 software. On the basis of this quantitative analysis, we reached the following conclusions: (1)the reduction of solid waste generation is 15,47% with the composition during the pandemic namely organic 41,4%; wood 3,4%; fabric/textile 1,1%; rubber/leather 13,4%; plastic 21,3%, iron 5,5%; Glass 3,9%, paper 0,2% and residue 6,8%, (2) the resulting air emissions decreased by parameters CO2 of 32.33 tons/year (37.97%), CH4 of 14.37 tons/year (38.14%), and Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 334.01 tons/year (38.12%), (3) the most efficient management of solid waste for coastal settlements during the COVID-19 pandemic period is the process of recycling, biological processing, and bringing residues to landfill.
Kawasan Pesisir Waha Raya merupakan 3 dari 90 desa pesisir di Wakatobi dan termasuk dalam zona pemanfaatan wisata. Saat ini, pengelolaan sampah dari aktivitas masyarakat di sana masih belum optimal. Hal ini dapat berdampak pada kualitas ekosistem pesisir dan nilai ekonomi wisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi jumlah timbulan sampah, memodelkan dampak pencemaran pada air dan udara akibat timbulan sampah, serta merekomendasikan alternatif sistem pengolahan sampah berkelanjutan di Kawasan Pesisir Waha Raya. Metode pengambilan dan pengukuran contoh timbulan dan komposisi sampah menggunakan metode SNI 19-3964-1994, sedangkan metode analisis sistem pengelolaan sampah menggunakan aplikasi Integrated Wasted Management 2 (IWM2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata timbulan sampah yang dihasilkan di Waha Raya yaitu 1,875 ton/hari atau 0,72 kg/orang/hari. Setelah memodelkan dampak pencemaran pada air dan udara dalam 4 skenario, ditemukan bahwa skenario ke-4 mampu mereduksi zat pencemar partikulat di udara sebanyak 104,8 kg/tahun; CO2 sebesar 102.6 kg/tahun; CH4 36.0 kg/tahun; dan GWP 861.3 kg/tahun. Skenario ke- 4 juga mampu mereduksi tingkat pencemaran air yaitu BOD sebesar 146 kg/tahun, COD sebesar 437 kg/tahun, SS sebesar 24 kg/tahun, dan Fe2+ sebesar 42 kg/tahun. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan skenario 4 di Kawasan Waha Raya dapat menjadi alternatif pengolahan sampah berkelanjutan.
The Peo Waume forest is a mangrove area located north of Kapota Island, Wakatobi Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. Visually, this area has the potential to be used by the community as an ecotourism object. Until now, this forest area has not been utilized optimally, although indirectly the ecological function of this forest supports various lives. Utilization of forest areas as ecotourism objects is estimated to be able to contribute to the socio-economic community, especially in Wakatobi Regency which is included in the National Tourism Strategic Area. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the Peo Waume Forest Area to be used as an eco-tourism area and to analyze its sustainability index by taking into account the ecological, socio-economic, and institutional dimensions. The results showed that the Peo Waume Forest Area was suitable to be used as a mangrove ecotourism object with an ecotourism suitability index of 2.15. The parameters used are mangrove thickness, mangrove density, mangrove type, tidal height, and diversity of biota objects. On the other hand, the sustainability index on the ecological dimension is 64.02, the socio-economic and culture dimension is 54.82and the institutional dimension is 50.94, indicating that the Peo Waume Forest sustainability index is insufficient. The lever factors that greatly influence the sustainability of the Peo Waume Forest Area are the attributes of community income, community waste management, and law enforcement.
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