No abstract

Crystalline sodium Y (NaY) zeolite has been synthesized using alternative natural source of aluminate and silicate, extracted from natural Belitung kaolin. Prior to use, the natural kaolin was pretreated to obtain fragmented metakaolin and extracted silica. Synthesis was conducted with the addition of NaY gel (two types of NaY seeds were used, prepared from colloidal sillica or sodium silica water) using hydrothermal method for 21 h at 100 °C. The characterization on the as-synthesized zeolites confirmed that the one prepared using colloidal silica-seed has closer structure similarity to NaY zeolite that was synthesized using pro analysis silicate and aluminate sources. Thus, the rest of the synthesis of NaY was carried out using colloidal silica-NaY seed. The NaY zeolites then were converted to HY, through ammonium-exchange followed by calcination, to be tested as cracking catalysts using n-hexadecane as a probe molecule. It shows that HY from metakaolin and extracted silica gives high performance, i.e., n-hexadecane conversion of 58%–64%, also C5-C12 percentage yield and selectivity of 56%–62% and 98%. This work has shown the potential to utilize kaolin as alternative silicate aluminate sources for crystalline zeolite synthesis and to obtain inexpensive and environmentally friendly catalyst materials.

Background: Tampoi (Baccaurea macrocarpa) is a tropical rainforest plant that produces edible fruit and is native to Southeast Asia, especially East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Previous research showed that Tampoi potentially can be developed as a drug. It was reported that the extract of Tampoi fruit displayed antioxidant activity, which was correlated with its phenolic and flavonoid substances. There is no information about the antioxidant activity of other parts of this plant, such as the bark, which might also have this kind of activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of the bark of Tampoi. Methods: The bark of Tampoi was extracted with methanol and concentrated using rotary evaporator to obtain the methanol extract of the bark. Secondary metabolites of this extract was determined using phytochemical analysis. Afterward, the methanol extract was tested for its toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Results: Phytochemical evaluation results showed that the methanol extract of bark of this plant contains several secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, steroids, and triterpenoids. The toxicity test displayed no toxic property due to a LC50 value above 1000 ppm. For antioxidant activity, the result exhibited that the methanol extract of bark of this plant could be categorized as an active extract with IC50 value of 11.15 ppm. Moreover, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis, there are 37 isolated compounds from the bark, one of which is methylparaben, a phenolic predicted to act as an antioxidant. Conclusion: The results obtained in this research demonstrated that the bark of Tampoi (B. macrocarpa) has potential as an antioxidant.

Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya merupakan daerah yang paling banyak terjadi kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) pada tahun 2012 dan 2013 yaitu sebanyak 48 dan 36 kasus. Tingginya angka kejadian DBD ini dipengaruhi oleh kepadatan larva Aedes spp. yang t rdapat di wilayah tersebut.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan kepadatan larva Aedes spp. dengan kejadian DBD di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 50 orang. Sampel diambil dengan metode Total Sampling untuk kelompok kasus dan multistage random sampling untuk kelompok kontrol. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan dianalisis statistik dengan uji chi-square dengan derajat kepercayaan 95%. Dari 50 subyek penelitian, kelompok kasus yang memiliki kepadatan larva ringan 8 orang (32,0%) dan kepadatan larva berat 17 orang (68,0%), sedangkan kelompok kontrol yang memiliki kepadatan larva ringan 16 orang (64,0%) dan kepadatan larva berat 9 orang (36,0%). Uji chi square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (P<0,05) antara kepadatan larva Aedes spp. dengan kejadian DBD di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya Kecamatan Koto Tangah Kota Padang.

<p class="Abstrak">Peristiwa kematian pasangan hidup bisa menjadi hal yang tidak terduga bagi pasangan yang ditinggalkan. Kematian pasangan menjadi pemicu mengalami tekanan kesedihan dan emosional serta harus menerima kenyataan dengan status baru yang dimiliki yakni menjadi seorang single parent. Menjadi single parent menimbulkan banyak permasalahan baru bagi mereka yang menjalaninya, terkait masalah dalam hal ekonomi, sosial, dan urusan rumah tangga yang mana harus dikerjakan sendiri. Selain itu juga seorang single parent khususnya single mother harus mampu menjalani peran ganda sebagai ayah dan juga ibu bagi anak-anaknya. Hal ini menuntut seorang single mother memiliki kemampuan resiliensi untuk menghadapi segala persoalan. Resiliensi merupakan suatu kemampuan yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam hidup, karena kehidupan yang dijalani senantiasa diwarnai oleh ragam kondisi yang tidak dapat ditolak oleh individu baik kondisi menyenangkan ataupun sebaliknya.<em></em></p>