<p class="04Abstrak">Textbook is one of learning sources used in history learning in school. History learning has function to preserve collective memories and necessary values, such as Bhineka Tunggal Ika. This research aims to reveal depiction and representation of  Bhineka Tunggal Ika value in history textbooks. It is qualitative research using critical discourse analysis, particularly representative analysis model by Roger Fowler.  Data sources in the research are the senior high school textbooks based on 2006 curriculum which can be downloaded at bse.kemdikbud.go.id. website. Method of collecting data is conducted by documentation technique. The validity of discourse analysis refers to  Ibnu Hamad’s opinion, namely holistic, historical situatedness, and theory. Next, analysis is conducted using critical discourse analysis by Fairclough  namely description, interpretation and explanation. The result of research shows that Bhineka Tunggal Ika is represented in various themes such as assimilation/acculturation/ syncretism, differences/diversity/plurality/complexity/multicultural, distinction/discrimination and unity. Bhineka Tunggal Ika should be understand as both  a result and continuous process.</p><p> </p><p class="04Abstrak">Buku teks merupakan salah satu sumber belajar yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran sejarah di sekolah. Pembelajaran sejarah berfungsi untuk melestarikan memori kolektif dan nilai-nilai yang dianggap penting, salah satunya Bhineka Tunggal Ika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengungkap penggambaran dan representasi nilai Bhineka Tunggal Ika dalam buku teks sejarah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis, terutama analisis representasi model Roger Fowler. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah buku teks sejarah SMA berdasarkan kurikulum 2006 yang dapat diunduh pada laman bse.kemdikbud.go.id. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi.Validitas analisis wacana mengacu pada pendapat Ibnu Hamad, yaitu holistic, historical situatedness, dan teori.Selanjutnya analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model analisis wacana kritis Fairclough yaitu deskripsi, interpretasi, dan eksplanasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bhineka Tunggal Ika direpresentasikan dalam berbagai tema seperti pembauran/akulturasi/sinkretisme, perbedaan/ keragaman/ pluralitas/ kemajemukan/ multikultural, pembedaan/diskriminasi serta persatuan dan kesatuan. Bhineka Tunggal Ika perlu dipahami sebagai hasil maupun proses yang terus berlanjut.</p><p> </p>

Augmented Reality (AR) as a learning media has a very great potential to help students learn history, including Indonesian ancient history. AR gave the opportunity for students to learn heritages from Indonesian’s ancient history, i.e. from Singhasari period, by scanning a marker that would show a 3D model in their smartphone screen. This research focussing on the effectivity of AR as media for history learning by comparing students’ score in a pre-test – post-test design. 30 students from 10th grade at a vocational high school involved in this quasi-experiment. Overall, the AR is effective as history learning media in improving students’ score.

This article aims to provide some reflections regarding instructional praxis in the amidst of global pandemic and insights of digital history as an alternative solution that can be used for local history learning in this unprecedented situation. In doing so, research problems were formulated, data (especially from peer-reviewed articles) were gathered, corroborated, presented and discussed accordingly. This study finds that Covid-19 has changed the educational landscape worldwide, including Indonesia. Given the unfortunate condition of the pandemic, many educational institutions shifted their teaching and learning into online. It provides various challenges as well as opportunities to use various new digital media in education, including digital history. Emerged in the late 20th century, digital history provides opportunities for history teachers or educators to use it as sources of history learning, especially on local history. Using various primary sources available online, teachers could design new instructional materials or project-based learning on local history.

Technology now is going more and more progressive. Some of lack the technology before is already success developed appropriate as human needed. Nowadays, technology exist in any kind of sectors including education. Therefore, the history learning should be developed, by using the most recent technology to support the process of learning. The contents about heritages in history lesson need a media that can help the students in learning. i.e. by using augmented reality that can illustrate the heritages in 3D. So the purpose of this research and development are to produce and examine the effectiveness of the historical learning media augmented reality card (ARC) based on main topic heritages of Singhasari Kingdom for students in X KPR 1 SMK Negeri 11 Malang. The method that used in this research is 4D model that developed by Thaigrajan, consist of 1) define, 2) design, 3) development dan 4) dissemination. The result of this research is showing the validation of the learning media who developed by media expert procure the value presentation s is 100%, while the content expert procure the value presentation is 89%. The result of the experiment of small group that consist by 7 students procure the value presentation is 98%. And the result from a large group that consist by 30 students procure the value presentation is 87%. So can be concluded that learning media ARC temples of Singhasari is very valid and very effective to be use in history lesson.

Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk memaparkan dan menganalisis penerapan Lesson Study for Learning Community sebagai upaya peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran IPS melalui kegiatan lesson study di SMPN 2 Sumberpucung Malang yang didampingi oleh Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Malang (UM). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Sumber data utama penelitian ini adalah para guru IPS SMPN 2 Sumberpucung dan dosen Fakultas Ilmu Sosial UM yang terlibat dalam kegiatan lesson study di sekolah tersebut. Temuan penelitian ini menuntun peneliti untuk menarik dua simpulan. Pertama, bahwa telah terjadi peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran IPS saat pelaksanaan Lesson Study for Learning Community di SMPN 2 Sumberpucung. Hal ini dibuktikan dari proses pembelajaran selama empat siklus lesson study. Kedua, kolaborasi kolegial antara guru dan dosen telah berkontribusi dalam peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran IPS di SMPN 2 Sumberpucung. Pola kolaborasi kolegial terwujud saat kegiatan lesson plan dan refleksi, sekaligus nampak juga saat open lesson. Terjadi hubungan saling belajar dan dialog diantara para guru dengan guru, dan antara guru dengan dosen.