Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah suatu penyakit dimana kadar gula (glukosa) di dalam darah tinggi karena tubuh tidak dapat melepaskan atau menggunakan insulin secara efektif. Kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus B.) mempunyai khasiat sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah senyawa turunan flavonoid pada herba kumis kucing berpotensi sebagai obat antidiabetes-tipe 2 melalui mekanisme penghambatan α-glucosidase. Jenis penelitian ini adalah in silico menggunakan metode molecular docking. Proses docking dilakukan menggunakan Autodock Vina. Simulasi molecular docking dilakukan untuk menguji potensi senyawa flavonoid yang terkandung dalam kumis kucing sebagai kandidat obat antidiabetes sebagai inhibitor alami enzim α-glukosidase melalui parameter nilai energi bebas Gibbs, konstanta inhibisi, ikatan hidrogen dan residu asam amino. Hasil simulasi menunjukan senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki nilai energi bebas Gibbs terbaik yaitu 5,6,7,3'tetrametoksi-4'hidroksi-8-C-prenylflavon sebesar -8.2 Kkal/mol sedangkan nilai energi bebas Gibbs acarbose adalah -8.7 Kkal/mol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa senyawa flavonoid pada kumis kucing belum berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai kandidat obat antidiabetes-tipe 2 dalam menggantikan akarbose melalui mekanisme penghambatan α-glucosidase.

Background: Sharp force injuries are the second most common cause of trauma after blunt force injury. TNF- α is a cytokine that triggers the expression of adhesion molecules, other cytokines and chemokines by endothelial cells, stopped and migrated to damaged tissues or infections that trigger inflammation. Furthermore, the initial population of leukocytes leading to the wound comprises mostly neutrophils. This study aimed to assess the correlation between TNF-α levels in the blood and skin tissues and neutrophils number with the wound age of wounds caused by sharp trauma. Methods: This study is an experimental study using animal models.  The samples were divided into the control group and the group in which the blood and the skin tissue samples were taken 1-, 3-, 12-, 24-, 48- and 72 hours after being sharp traumatized.  The Elisa method examined the samples from the blood, and the skin of the right back of the mice was examined for TNF-α levels.  Others from the left-back skin of the mice were microscopically examined to assess the number of neutrophils. Results: The TNF- α level from the skin samples were detected in wound tissue as the peak levels were in the 24 hours post-traumatic group. The TNF-α levels from blood samples indicated a significant difference in TNF-α levels in each group (p < 0.05). However, TNF-α levels from skin samples showed no significant difference between each group. From the microscopic examination, there was a significant difference in the infiltration of neutrophil cells in all groups (p<0,05). The neutrophils peak at 24 hours post-traumatic. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the TNF-α levels and the number of neutrophils with the wound age in wounds caused by sharp traumas.

The implementation of legal aid by the local government is urgent because the central government's budget allocation is still limited. This can be seen from the imbalance in the legal aid budget and the number of legal aid organizations compared to the number of poor people. The budget and the scope of legal aid are limited, only covering the poor. Regional governments, as stakeholders, are expected to complement the central government's shortcomings by allocating legal aid budgets and expanding the scope of legal aid recipients. This study aimed to examine the authority of local governments in fulfilling the right to legal aid for poor and vulnerable groups. This study was normative research by examining legal regulations relating to the authority of local governments in fulfilling the right to legal aid for the poor and vulnerable groups. The data obtained were analyzed using qualitative methods. The results of this study showed that local governments had the authority to fulfill the right to legal aid for the poor and vulnerable groups. This authority was attributive. Several laws obliged local governments to fulfill the right to legal aid.

No abstract

Study this aims to (1) analyze influence amount population , education  and income per capita by together to poverty in the district Island Meranti, (2) analyze the most dominant factor influence poverty in the district Island Meranti. Study this use multiple linear regression analysis model. The results showed that variable amount population, education and income per capita by together take effect significant to poverty in the district Island Meranti. By partial, test to coefficient regression show that variable amount population take effect negative and significant to poverty in the district Island Meranti, variable education take effect positive and significant to poverty in the district Island Meranti and variable income per capita take effect negative and significant to poverty in the district Island Meranti.