Low priority on waste management has impacted the complex environmental issue of plastic waste pollution, as evident by results of this study where it was found that 24.3% of waste generation in Jakarta and Bandung is emitted into the waterway due to the high intensity of human activity in the urban area. In this study, we investigated the viable integration between material flow analysis and leakage hotspot modeling to improve management strategies for plastic pollution in water systems and open environments. Using a multi-criteria assessment of plastic leakage from current waste management, a material flow analysis was developed on a city-wide scale defining the fate of plastic waste. Geospatial analysis was assigned to develop a calculation for identification and hydrological analysis while identifying the potential amount of plastic leakage to the river system. The results show that 2603 tons of plastic accumulated along the mainstream of the Ciliwung River on an annual basis, and a high-density population like that in Bandung discarded 1547 tons in a one-year period to the Cikapundung River. The methods and results of this study are applicable towards improving the control mechanisms of river rejuvenation from plastic leakage by addressing proper management in concentrated locations.

Low priority on waste management has impacted the complex environmental issue, where this study found out up to 24.3% of waste generation in Jakarta and Bandung is emitted to the waterway due to the high intensity of human activity in the urban area. In this study, we investigated the viable integration between material flow analysis and leakage hotspot modelling to improve the management strategy of the plastic pollution in the water system and open environment. Using the multi-criteria assessment through the plastic leakage from its management, a material flow analysis has developed on the city scale. Comprehensively identifying using potent identification and hydrological characterization, plastic waste from Jakarta city has occasionally estimated 2603 ton discarded to Ciliwung River while the plastics from Bandung Area has contributed to 1547 ton, addressing Cikapundung River as the main tributary of Citarum mainstream in annual basis.