Discrepancy in the value of labor is a discrepancy between the price of work expressed in money or wages with the necessities of a decent life. This discrepancy results in an accumulation of income that leads to economic inequality. The aim of the research is to find out the discrepancy in the value of labor experienced by workers and its impact on economic inequality. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta considering that this city has the highest level of economic inequality and is one of the regions with the lowest minimum wage in Indonesia. This research method is descriptive qualitative by looking at the difference in value between decent living needs and district/city minimum wages in Yogyakarta Province. The data includes district/city minimum wages, the cost of living necessities, and main employment status. The results of this study show that there is a discrepancy in the value of labor in Yogyakarta in 2022 and 2023. This discrepancy can be seen through the difference between the necessities of life and the minimum wage of IDR 858,281- IDR 1,801,059. In addition, the discrepancy in the value of labor encourages economic inequality as a result of the accumulation of income received by owners of capital and the exploitation of labor experienced by workers.

This study aims to identify urban resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, England, and China. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a terrible impact on the lives of many citizens, especially in urban areas. Cities are the central point of economic growth and governance, cities must continue the function even in conditions of crisis or disaster. So that it becomes interesting to review the strategies of big cities in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used a simple statistical method, and bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer software. Scientific literature data was taken from the Scopus database which was searched with the keywords urban resilience and covid 19 with a range of 2019 to 2022. limitations on authors or affiliations of the 3 countries in literature publications, namely the united states, England and China. This analysis includes a number of publications, citation analysis, and visualization of co-occurrence patterns of the most frequently occurring keywords. Bibliometric analysis shows the United States leading the way in article publication with 25 articles, followed by England and China with 15 articles each. The results of data analysis show that the initial strategy of urban resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in the three countries was carried out by limiting community activities in public spaces to prevent the transmission of the COVID-19 disease. In addition, the urban resilience strategy is carried out by building integrated health services and digital infrastructure and carrying out transportation management. Another strategy is to build public spaces that can provide social distancing and provide easier access to information and communication technology for the entire citizens. In future research, it is hoped that we can discuss how to transform the strategy by adjusting to the style of the city and the needs of the citizens.