Binary liquid mixtures are studied using femtosecond pump-probe thermal-lens (TL) spectroscopy. Changes in the measured TL signals as a function of relative concentration of binary mixtures show that these result from a combined effect of physical and molecular properties of the constituent binary liquids. The experimental TL values deviate from the ones calculated from phenomenological equations. These, we argue, are due to an underestimation of the influence of molecular interactions when the TL signals are calculated by using physical parameters only.

Graphical abstractA molecular structure-property relationship is established from the variation of third-order nonlinear susceptibility and thermal-diffusivity for a primary alcohol series.

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Many software engineering problems can be viewed as a large multidimensional searching problem. This paper presents an enhancement of conventional Genetic Algorithms (GA) for more efficient multi-variable or multi-dimensional searches. The concept relies upon expressing chromosomes as vectors in the required multidimensional frame of reference. Usual GA operators are also defined as vector operators. Comparison with conventional genetic algorithm is made to illustrate its superior performance.

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