In school-aged children, besides age and gender, PEF values should ideally be known to interpret PNIF values. PNIF can be complementary to subjective control assessment in children with allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Background: Steatosis is strongly associated with obesity, even in childhood. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the comorbidities of pediatric obesity, associated with cardiovascular risk (CVR). The goals of this study were to characterize steatosis and IR presence in the context of pediatric obesity and to assess the connection between them and with CVR markers.