The adverse renal effects of aminoglycosides are increasing, up to 20% in patients treated with this class of antibiotic, nephrotoxicity is manifested by the renal insufficiency with a variable degree, usually clinically silent but the return to the former state is not always obtained which progresses towards chronic kidney disease. After studying a declaration of an adverse case at the pharmacovigilance service of the UHE of Oran.The impact of nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides in the aggravation of pre-existing renal insufficiency has been demonstrated according to the French and Anglo-Saxon method of accountability that is why information on pharmacological therapeutic monitoring of STP should be recommended. In conclusion, the knowledge of the factors favoring the nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides, the respect of the dosages and the reduction of the duration of the treatment allows the practitioner to take measures in order to prevent and to reduce the frequency of the renal complications.The side effect of aminoglycoside therapy may occur in up to 20% of the exposed patients treated with this antibiotic class, this nephrotoxicity is manifested by varying degrees of renal insufficiency (IR), usually clinically silent but the return to the previous state is not always got, sometimes progress to chronic renal disease. Following the study of a case of adverse reaction reporting; has been shown by the French and Anglo-Saxon method of accountability, the impact of aminoglycosides' nephrotoxicity in the aggravation of existing IR, why therapeutic drug monitoring TDM actualities are recommended. In conclusion, knowledge of predisposing factors nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides, respect the doses and reducing the duration of treatment allows the practitioner to take measures in order to prevent and decrease the frequency of renal complications.

The Kidney is vulnerable organ to the drug toxicity, due to the interstitial accumulation of toxic agents, expose the kidney to higher concentrations. The nephrotoxicity develops by a variable degree renal failure, it may be evolved quickly and spontaneously towards the terminal stage and unfortunately lately discovered. Following the studies of indesirable effects of an unwanted circumstance at the EHUO's pharmacovigilance service; we could show the involvement of many nephrotoxic substances as Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, during the aggravation of the chronic end stage of the renal failure. As a conclusion, and to reduce the incidence of the renal complications, it is essential to prevent the occurrence of the iatrogenic-based nephrotoxic effects, because that can be a real primary prevention, which is why the recommendations while using this drugs must be respected.