This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pneumonia in sheep in municipality of El-Beida, Libya. To achieve the goal, samples were collected from October 2020 to April 2021. The lungs of 525 sheep carcasses were subjected to gross examination and those suspected to be infected with pneumonia were studied at histopathological level. Pneumonia was detected in 141(26.9%) carcasses. Based on histopathological lesions 40.4% with interstitial pneumonia 37.6% with fibrinous bronchopneumonia, 14.2% were affected with suppurative bronchopneumonia, 3.5% with haemorrhagic pneumonia, 2.1% were affected with pleuritis and 1.4 % with embolic pneumonia. In addition 0.7% of the lungs showed aspiration pneumonia. The most common form of pneumonia was interstitial pneumonia and the gross and histological lesions of the different forms of pneumonia were consistent with the findings of other studies. In conclusion, the results of this study indicates that the prevalence of pneumonia in slaughtered sheep is relatively high and seems to be the most important condition in sheep in Libya. Further studies are recommended to identify the etiological agents of pneumonia in sheep.

The recommended treatment for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis is pentavalent antimony at a dosage of 20 mic/kg/day for 28 days. Some studies suggested that antimonial pentostam has multiple acute and chronic adverse effects, which can be minimized by using the lowest effective dose. The present study is aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxicity effect of sodium stibogluconate (pentostam) in mice as a model. Adult male albino mice were divided into three groups, seven mice each, injected with 20 mic/kg pentostam in addition to a control group. Later 14 days, groups II, III, and IV were tested after one, three, and six weeks respecttively. The mice’s serum and liver tissues were collected, and biochemical and histopathological measurement were carried out. Biochemical analysis of the serum obtained showed a significant increase in the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP in groups II and III when compared with the control group. In parallel, the histopathological assessments of the liver tissue proved hepatocytic necrosis. From this study, it can be concluded that the antimonial pentostam has a hepatotoxicity effect on treated mice.