Abstract. This article aims at establishing a new application of the correspondence analysis (CA) method for analyzing qualitative data in architecture and landscape architecture. This method is primarily used in genealogy but is here, for the first time, applied to architectural studies. After introducing a qualitative method based on coding process, a practical guide for using CAQDAS (Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software) is provided. The software NVivo-8 is applied to analyze the data. CA, a multivariate statistical technique, is used to identify the underlying structure of the data and visualize the results. For the purpose of testing this method in practice, the National Garden of Tehran was selected as a case study to provide the data. The focus is on visualizing the similarities between the properties of the National Garden of Tehran and several different garden design styles. Two reliability tests were performed to verify the results, indicating that the National Garden of Tehran has many characteristics similar to those of a typical Baroque garden style. We believe that this new method may have wide application possibilities for studies on architecture, urban design, and landscape architecture.

No abstract

Introduction: As a cognitive activity, the process of creative problem solving plays a crucial role in architectural design. The design method includes the emergence, evolution, and transformation of ideas and the formation of concepts. Explaining the most important influential components of creativity and contestability of design raises these concepts in achieving each one of the approaches. This study aimed to find a significant relationship between creativity and contestability in architectural education. Therefore, the research method was applied through a multistage process. Architectural practices can bring about considerable communicability, providing a proper procedure for advancing the purposes seen in architectural design. Diversely, the alteration of problem components and their transformation to more optimal relationships are noteworthy. Thus, recognizing the stance of conceptual change in the design method entails competitiveness in the architectural sphere. Knowledge is one of the significant issues in the history of human science. Scores of theories and hypotheses have constantly been formulated and proved in the course of the evolutionary history of science. This indicates the fundamental developments in the variability of methods of thinking in human knowledge, which can result in transformation. More complicated issues have been presented to the knowledge in the contemporary era. Therefore, it is significant to reach growth and production in any field using novel methods while maintaining a futuristic viewpoint. Numerous theories have been introduced in architectural design concerning the process of designing and achieving a creative outcome. Methodology:The research method in this study included "logical reasoning" using descriptiveanalytical measures with a qualitative and quantitative approach. A group of referees evaluated these relations in the assessment and critique of architectural designs of architectural design project 6 with the free theme of a group of students. In this regard, the significant relationship between the components of these two approaches was explained using a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using SPSS. Results:The general results of the research show a direct and meaningful two-way relationship between creativity and competitiveness of architectural design. Conclusion:Due to the interdisciplinary nature of architecture, results of studies on the advancement of control over the design process have always remained relative. An inventive method, problem-solving theory draws upon the problem‫ـ‬ solving techniques. However, innovative architectural results can be the outcome of alteration of the problem components considering the understanding of extant challenges and contradictions in the architectural design process.

The purpose of this study is to design and explain a prospective model for measuring tourism sustainability in Kish Island. Accordingly, the conceptualization of coastal architecture or tourism, the identification of influential factors and operational strategies for improving the tourism industry, especially on the coastal dimensions of the island, have been considered. Due to the exploratory nature of the research, the strategy used in this research is Grounded theory. The sampling used in this study was theoretical sampling. The main basis for gathering information has been to conduct in-depth interviews with managers and senior experts in coastal tourism to reach theoretical saturation. A total of 13 interviews were conducted. After gathering information, the written interview codes were analyzed. The findings were coded according to the paradigmatic pattern of Strauss and Corbin. Therefore, after performing the three steps of open, axial and selective coding, final modeling was achieved. The model consists of 6 general categories (causal, contextual, interventionist, pivotal, strategies and consequences) and 12 subcategories and 36 semantic concepts and data.