BAS-145-138 considerably muted the herbicidal effect of the sulfonylurea herbicides on corn. Decreases of 54 and 52% in shoot fresh and dry weight caused by 10 μM chlorsulfuron were countered almost completely by 1.5 mM BAS-145-138 with only a 10% loss in fresh weight and a 3% loss in dry weight. Similar strong antidotal influence by BAS-145-138 on chlorimuron was observed. BAS-145-138 partially protected corn against sulfometuron. Shoot fresh weight of corn treated with 0.2 μM sulfometuron was inhibited 88%, whereas adding 0.5 or 1.5 mM BAS-145-138 reduced inhibition to 52 and 24%, respectively.

This study demonstrates that corn can be partially safened by BAS-145138 against sulfonyl­urea and imidazolinone herbicides. The corn seeds were impregnated with BAS-145138 by soaking the seeds for 6 h in solutions of the safener. BAS-145138 had no effect on corn growth. However, corn shoot and root growth in length, fresh weight, and dry weight was partially protected by BAS-145138 from the phytotoxic effects of the sulfonylurea herbicides thiametu­ron and CGA -136872. Similar protection was given to corn against the phytotoxic activity of the imidazolinone herbicides imazapyr, imazaquin, and imazethapyr. This study suggests that corn could be safened with BAS-145138 against the phytotoxic effects of residual amounts of sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides found in rotations take place.

No abstract

Summary: The influence of pyrazon. norflurazon and glyphosate on post‐luminescence decay and fluorescence emission was studied. Pyrazon and norflurazon significantly increased post‐luminescence decay in wheat (Triticum vulgare L) and cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis L.). Pyrazon was much more active than norflurazon m this respect, No influence of’glyphosate on post‐luminescence and the emission ol” fluorescence was observed. Measurements of post‐luminescence decay and fluorescence emission can serve to define some aspects of herbicidal pbyto‐toxicity and provide information on the initial action of those compounds that inhibit photosynthesis.

Napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide] is a preemergence herbicide used for the control of most annual grasses and many annual broadleaf weeds. Its influence on the uptake and translocation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, and Zn by four plant species was observed. Napropamide influenced, in some cases dramatically, the uptake and movement of the essential elements, but its influence was not consistent from one type of plant to another.