Antioxidants are substances that can slow down the oxidation process of free radicals. Limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata (Miq) Muell. Arg), an indigenous plant of Borneo, is a natural antioxidant source. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract. The extraction of the limpasu pericarpium was done by maceration method using solvents with increasing polarity ranging from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The IC50 values of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts, as well as quercetin using the DPPH method were 517,45 µg/mL, 530,64 µg/mL, 10,63 µg/mL and 6,83 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, the IC50 values obtained from FRAP method were 198,96 µg/mL, 190,07 µg/mL, 661,36 µg/mL, and 7,09 µg/mL, respectively. The results revealed that the methanol extract is more potent than other extracts tested for antioxidant activity.
The utilization and development of traditional plants is a big investment for the sustainability of Indonesia society. Traditional medicine has its own requirements in order to guarantee the authenticity or correctness of the raw materials used. Sangkareho (Callicarpa longifolia Lam.) Is a family of Lamiaceae and a species of the genus Callicarpa. This study aims to provide scientific information data about the macroscopic and microscopic leaves of Sangkareho. The examination was carried out by observing the fresh leaves and the simplicia powder on the leaves of Sangkareho. The organoleptic results of the fresh Sangkareho leaves are hijua color, the distinctive smell of Sangkareho leaves is weak, and the taste is bitter, while the simplicia powder is slightly brownish in color, the distinctive smell of Sangkareho leaves is strong, and the taste is bitter. Macroscopic obtained by Sangkareho leaves are dark green on the upper surface and light green on the underside of the leaves, bitter taste, distinctive smell of Sangkareho leaves, oval elongated leaf shape, slightly hairy leaf surface, 11-17 cm long, 3 5-6 cm, the leaves are rather thin, the edges of the leaves are serrated, and the tips of the leaves are tapered, while for the simplicia powder it has a dense, smooth, non-stringy and dry texture, slightly brownish green, bitter taste, and has a distinctive smell of sangkareho leaves.
Jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) diberbagai belahan dunia digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit dan gejala, termasuk sakit kepala, batuk, peradangan, dan hipertensi. Penyakit degeneratif menimbulkan beberapa penyakit seperti diabetes melitus. Pada tahun 2014 terdapat 422 juta orang dewasa menderita Diabetes Melitus di dunia. Prevalensi meningkat dari 4,7% pada tahun 1980 menjadi 8,5% pada tahun 2014 pada orang dewasa. Angka tertinggi diabetes melitus di Indonesia ditempati oleh DKI Jakarta (3,4%), Kalimantan Timur (3,3%), Yogyakarta (3,2%), dan Sulawesi Utara (3,0%). Antioksidan berperan mencegah penyakit degeneratif yang dikarenakan oleh radikal bebas. Agen penghambat ?-glucosidase dapat menjadi solusi dalam menangani diabetes melitus tipe 2. Tanaman dengan aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambat enzim ?-glucosidase dapat menangani pasien dengan penyakit degeneratif terutama diabetes melitus dengan stres oksidatif, dan menjadi alternatif yang kurang berbahaya dibandingkan obat sintetis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi daun jambu bol dan dikeringkan dengan metode freeze drying, ekstrak difraksinasi dan didapatkan lima fraksi. Ekstrak dan fraksi dilakukan evaluasi terhadap antioksidan dengan metode DPPH dan antihiperglikemik dengan metode penghambatan enzim ?-glucosidase. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan hasil IC50 ekstrak daun jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) sebesar 57,14 ± 0,42 µg/mL yang termasuk dalam kategori kuat, begitu pula dengan fraksinya yaitu Fr4 dan Fr6 dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 35,52 ± 0,81 µg/mL dan 39,56 ± 1,17 µg/mL, berturut-turut yang tergolong kategori kuat. Begitu pula aktivitas ekstrak dalam menghambat enzim ?-glucosidase dengan persen penghambatan sebesar 83,72 ± 2,06 %. Maka perlu dikembangkan lagi jambu bol (Syzygium malaccense) sebagai agen antioksidan dan agen antihiperglikemia.
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